第十二篇：men smell of cheese and women of onions

1  little girls may be made of构成 sugar and all things nice, but their armpits 腋窝smell of onions. and while free of slug鼻涕虫 or snail 蜗牛 odours气味, men’s armpits pack群集 a powerful cheesy whiff.气味 that’s the conclusion 结论of research研究 in switzerland 瑞士that involved taking armpit sweat 汗腺samples 样品from 24 men and 25 women after he had spent time in a sauna or ridden an exercise bike for 15 minute.

2  the researchers found marked 显著地differences in the sweat from men and women.“men smell of cheese, and women of grapefruit葡萄柚 or onion,” says christian starkenmann of firmenich, a company in geneva 日内瓦that researches flavours 香味and perfumes香料 for food and cosmetics化妆品 companies.

3 the team found that the women‘s armpit sweat constrained 约束relatively相对地 high levels of an odourless 无味的sulphur硫磺- containning 包含compound 混合物– 5 milligrams 毫克per milliliter 毫升of sweat versus 对抗0.5 milligrams in men.

4  when the researchers mixed this compound 混合物in the lab with bacteria 细菌commonly found in the armpit, the bugs 小虫子turned it into 变成a thiol 硫醇- a previously 以前discovered odour气味 from armpits that is akin类似 to onion.

5 “the more sulphur 硫磺precursor前体 we added, the more intense 强烈的was the malodour,”恶臭 says starkenmann, whose team’s results appear出现 in chemical senses. bacterial 细菌enzymes 酶turn the otherwise odourless无味的 precursor 前体into the malodour.恶臭

6 the men, meanwhile,同时 had relatively相对地 high levels of an odourless 无气味的fatty 脂肪acid 酸which turned into变成 a cheesy 奶酪odour 气味when exposed 暴露to the same types of bacteria.细菌 the balance of oniony to cheesy precursors 前体in women’s sweat made it smell worse than men’s as rated评定 by independent单独的smell assessors.

7 next, the team hope to develop new ingredients原料 for deodorants 除臭剂that fight the smells.“we could make inhibitors 抑制剂that neutralise 抵消the precursors,前体 or block 阻止the bacterial细菌 enzymes酶 that do the conversion,”转换 says starkenmann.

8  some researchers are sceptical怀疑的 that gender性别 is the main deciding factor, arguing争辩 that the patterns 模式found in swiss volunteers might not apply to 应用于other populations 群体with different diets and genetic 遗传background. “other factors include what you eat, what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff加的夫 university in the uk.

a　bacterial enzymes turn the otherwise odourless precursor into the malodour.

b　and while free of slug or snail odours, men’s armpits pack a powerful cheesy whiff.

c　most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

d　next, the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells.

e　the researchers found marked differences in the sweat from men and women.

f　“other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff university in the uk.

1  little girls may be made of构成 sugar and all things nice, but their armpits 腋窝smell of onions. ______ (1) that’s the conclusion 结论of research研究 in switzerland 瑞士that involved taking armpit sweat 汗腺samples 样品from 24 men and 25 women after he had spent time in a sauna or ridden an exercise bike for 15 minute.

a　bacterial enzymes turn the otherwise odourless precursor into the malodour.

b　and while free of slug or snail odours, men’s armpits pack a powerful cheesy whiff.

c　most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

d　next,the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells.

e　the researchers found marked differences in the sweat from men and women.

f　“other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff university in the uk.

2  ______ (2) “men smell of cheese, and women of grapefruit葡萄柚 or onion,” says christian starkenmann of firmenich, a company in geneva 日内瓦that researches flavours 香味and perfumes香料 for food and cosmetics化妆品 companies.

a　bacterial enzymes turn the otherwise odourless precursor into the malodour.

c　most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

d　next, the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells.

e　the researchers found marked differences in the sweat from men and women.

f　“other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff university in the uk.

5 “the more sulphur 硫磺precursor前体 we added, the more intense 强烈的was the malodour,”恶臭 says starkenmann, whose team’s results appear出现 in chemical senses. ______ (3)

a　bacterial enzymes turn the otherwise odourless precursor into the malodour.

c　most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

d　next, the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells.

f　“other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff university in the uk.

7 ______ (4) “we could make inhibitors 抑制剂that neutralise 抵消the precursors,前体 or block 阻止the bacterial细菌 enzymes酶 that do the conversion,”转换 says starkenmann.

c　most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

d　next, the team hope to develop new ingredients for deodorants that fight the smells.

f　“other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff university in the uk.

8  some researchers are sceptical怀疑的 that gender性别 is the main deciding factor, arguing争辩 that the patterns 模式found in swiss volunteers might not apply to 应用于other populations 群体with different diets and genetic 遗传background. ______ (5)

c　most cases of skin odor is associated with break down of the compounds found in sweat by bacteria that live on the skin.

f　“other factors include what you eat. what you wash with, what you wear and what genes you inherit,” says tim jacob of cardiff university in the uk.