成人英语三级

When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知):

⑴ Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experience.

⑵ Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person’s perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus(关注) primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick(标准) to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.

⑶ Sometimes we see only what we want to see, what may be obverse (对应面) to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary (临时的) emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory (矛盾的) information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus—“He’s basically a good boy, so what I saw was not shoplifting.” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information—“All kids get into mischief (顽皮). Taking a book from the bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information—“It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…

23. The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is ______.

A. the abilities of one’s auditory (听的) and visual sensors

B. cultural background and personal experience

C. experiences one learns from others

D. critical measures taken by other people

答案：B

24. While observing a particular person, _________

A. one is likely to take all sides into consideration

B. one pays more attention to his or her advantages

C. children often differ from grown ups in perception

D. one tends to choose certain clues (提示) to look for

答案：D

25. Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because ___.

A. their yardsticks are not the same

B. either of them may be slow to catch information

C. the time for observation is not long enough

D. each of them uses different language to express his or her impressions

答案：A

26. The worst thing in selective perception is that ______.

A. perceived information runs against your desire

B. facts can be totally ignored and distorted (扭曲)

C. importance of contradictory information can be overrated (估计过高)

D. the same information may not be dealt with in the same way

答案：D

Friday, September 17—Dangerous winds and flooding rains are moving through Alabama, Tennessee, and Georgia as Hurricane Ivan continues its path of destruction. Although the winds are diminishing as Ivan moves across land, the season's third major hurricane is spawning deadly tornadoes throughout the South. At last 10 people have died in the Gulf Coast area due to tornadoes. Hurricane Ivan is also blamed for more than 60 deaths in Venezuela and the Caribbean.

More than 2 million people evacuated the Gulf Coast region from Florida to New Orleans. Called the most intense storm to hit the area in 35 years, Ivan came ashore near Gulf Shores, Alabama, at about 3 a.m. on Thursday.

By mid-day, the eye of the storm was located about 90 miles west-southwest of Montgomery, Alabama. It was moving northeast at 17 miles per hour. Hurricane force winds extended up to 105 miles from the center of the storm. Tropical storm-force winds stretched up to 290 miles outward. Later in the afternoon, Ivan was downgraded to a Tropical storm.

The Florida Panhandle appears to be bearing the brunt of the storm. Pensacola Mayor John Fogg said he expects the effects on the area to be "pretty horrendous."

More than 400,000 people are without electricity in Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi. Alabama officials report that some 250,000 residences and businesses are without power

27. According to the text Hurricane Ivan resulted in ___________.

A. at most 70 deaths B. 400,000 people in Alabama are without power

C. loss of money D. 250,000 became homeless

答案：C

28. The degree of Hurricane Ivan will decrease _________.

A. at noon in Sep 17 B. in the afternoon in Sep 18

C. at noon in Sep 18 D. in the afternoon in Sep 17

答案：D

29. What is the best title for the text?

A. Deadly Ivan hit US B. Deadly Ivan

C. Prevention of Ivan D. Massive destruction caused by Ivan

答案：A

30. Which of the following is not right according to the text?

A. Venezuela and the Caribbean also suffered Ivan.

B. People did a lot to decrease the damage as little as possible.

C. When Ivan runs across the land, the damage caused by it will be of no importance.

D. It is certain that US suffer a lot from the hurricane every year.

答案：C

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