PETS

Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound. Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4 000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction, but this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4 000 miles from the centre (in other words the radius(半径)of the earth is 4 000 miles). When we took the butter 4 000 miles out, it was 8 000 miles from the centre, which is twice the distance.

If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two. If you treble(翻三倍)the distance, it gets nine times weaker(three times three). If you take it four times as far away, it gets sixteen times weaker (four times four)and so on.

1. The best title for this passage is.

[A] The Earth Weight [B] Weight in Space

[C] Changing Weight on the Earth [D] Weight on and off the Earth

2. We can feel things are heavy because.

[A] weight is a fixed quality in an object

[B] they are far away from the centre of the earth

[C] of the earth's strong attraction for them

[D] they are not taken away from the surface of the earth

3. If the distance between two objects is shortened by half, their gravitational attraction will.

[A] double [B] become four times stronger

[C] be the same [D] get four times weaker

4. If an object weighed one pound 8 000 miles above the earth, it would weigh on the surface of the earth.

[A] 6 pounds [B] 4 pounds [C] 9 pounds [D] 1/9 pound

As more women in the United States move up the professional ladder, more are finding it necessary to make business trips alone. Since this is new for many, some trips are certainly in order. If you are married, it is a good idea to encourage your husband and children to learn to cook a few simple meals while you are away. They will be much happier and probably enjoy the experience. If you will be eating a good meal alone, choose good restaurants. In the end, they will be much better for your digestion(消化). You may also find it useful to call the restaurant in advance and state that you will be eating alone. You will probably get better service and almost certainly a better table. Finally, and most importantly, anticipate(提前做准备)your travel needs as a businesswoman; this starts with lightweight luggage which you can easily manage even when fully packed. Take a folding(折叠)case inside your suitcase; it will come in extremely handy(极其方便)for dirty clothes, as well as for business documents and papers you no longer need on the trip. And make sure you have a briefcase so that you can keep currently required papers separate. Obviously, experience helps, but you can make things easier on yourself from the first by careful planning, so that right from the start you really can have a good trip!

5. Who is the author's intended audience?

[A] Working women who have no time for cooking.

[B] Husbands and children of working women.

[C] Working women who must travel on their own.

[D] Hotel personnel who must attend to working women.

6. Why is lightweight luggage important for the travelling businesswoman?

[A] It provides space for dirty clothes.

[B] It is easy to move.

[C] It can double as a briefcase.

[D] It is usually big enough to carry all business documents.

7. Where would this passage most likely appear?

[A] In a magazine specially for women.

[B] In a restaurant and hotel guide.

[C] In a news magazine.

[D] In a journal for top ranking businessmen and women.

参考答案：

1本篇短文介绍的是物体在空中和在地球上重量不同的原因，因此恰当的标题应是D。

2我们之所以能感觉到重量是因为地球引力的原因，答案为C。

3 答案为B

4 C

5 该篇文章介绍的是职业女性独自出差时的注意事项。所以其写作读者对象应是出差职业女性这类文章应是出现在新闻杂志上出差时携带轻便行李自然为的是搬运方便。

6 B

7 C

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