学位英语

Noise of Machines

1 As more people live closer together, and as they use machines to produce leisure, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, becomes spoiled by a by-product of their machines—namely, noise. Noise is nowadays in the news; it has acquired political status, and public opinion is demanding, more and more insistently that something be done about it.

2 To control noise is to demand much self-discipline (annoyance arises often from lack of common courtesy), a sense of proportion (there is usually a conflict of interest if a noise is to be stopped), the expenditure of money (and it is far more economical to do this early rather than late), and finally, technical knowledge.

3 Technical difficulties often arise from the subjective-objective nature of the problem. You can define the excessive speed of a motor car in terms of a pointer reading on a speedometer. But can you define excessive noise in the same way? You find that with any existing simple “noise meter”, vehicles, which are judged to be equally noisy, may show considerable difference on the meter.

4　 Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible. The next remedy is to absorb it on its way to the ear.

5 Domestic noises may perhaps be controlled by forethought(先见) and courtesy, and industrial noises by good planning and technical improvement. But if we are going to allow fast motorcycles and heavy lorries to pass continuously through residential and business districts, the community must decide on the control it needs to exercise, for in the long run it has got to pay for it. And if a nation is to take part in modern air transport, it must enter into international agreements on the noise control measures it will impose on its airports—and here the cost of any real control is to be measured in millions of dollars.

1Paragraph 1

2Paragraph 2

3Paragraph 3

4Paragraph 4

A.Introduction of a by-product of machines

B. What is needed to control noise

C. How to control domestic noises

D. Difficulties of defining excessive noise

E. Introduction of two ways to control noise

F. International agreements on the noise control measures

正确答案:ABDE

解析:1.第一主要引出文章主题，机器产生的噪音。

2.第二段主要讲的是控制噪音需要很大的自律性，需要做好协调工作，需要投入金钱，需要技术知识。

3.第三段第一句话是主题句，意思是噪音问题的产生有主客观原因，这带来很多技术难题。

4.第四段介绍两种消除噪音的方法。意思是虽然解决噪音问题最理想的办法是从源头制止，但很多情况下这是不可能的，因此另一个解决办法是如何在噪音进入耳朵前消音。

5People who use machines to produce leisure find that their leisure, and even their working hours, by noise.

6 often arise from the nature of the noise problem.

7Industrial noises may be controlled by .

8If a nation is to participate in modern air transport, it must sign on the noise control measures.

A.good plans and improvement in technology

B. becomes encouraged

C. becomes destroyed

D. forethought and courtesy

E. international agreements

F. technical difficulties

正确答案:CFAE

解析5.:问题问的是：用机器消遣的人会发现他们的消遣以及工作时间都会被噪音怎么样?第一段第一句话提到噪音会破坏他们的消遣以及工作时间。注意spoiled和destroyed的同义改写。

6.问题问的是：噪音问题的本质经常会产生什么?第三段第一句话说噪音问题的产生有主客观原因，这带来很多技术难题。

7.问题问的是：工业噪音可以怎样控制?第五段第一句话说工业噪音可以通过好的计划和技术改进得以控制。

8.问题问的是：如果一个国家想参与现代空中交通运输，该国家必须加入有关噪音控制措施的什么中?答案在最后一段最后一句话中，即该国家必须加入有关噪音控制措施的国际协议中。

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