学位英语

Virtual Driver

Driving involves sharp eyes and keen ears，analyzing with a brain，and coordination between hands, feet and brain. A man has sharp eyes and keen ears, analyzes through his brain, and maintains coordination between his hands and brains. He can control a fast-moving car with different parts of his body. (1) Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab, but there is in fact a virtual driver1. This virtual driver has eyes, brains, hands and feet too. The minicameras on each side of the car are its eyes and are responsible for observing the road conditions ahead of it as well as the traffic to its left and right. If you open the boot, you can see the most important part of the automatic driving system： a built-in computer. (2) The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at2， analyzing their position on the road，choosing the right path，and giving orders to the wheel and the control system.

In comparison with the human brain, the virtual driver's best advantage is that it reacts quickly. (3) However, it takes the world's best racecar driver at least one second to react, and this doesn't include the time he needs to take action.

With its rapid reaction and accurate control，the virtual driver can reduce the accident rate on expressways considerably. In this case, is it possible for us to let it have the wheel3 at ahy time and in any place? (4) With its limited ability to recognize things, the car can now only travel on expressways.

The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. (5) This being the case4, people still have high hopes about driverless cars，and think highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.

词汇：

virtual 虚拟的 built-in 嵌入的

coordination 协调，配合 racecar n.赛车

cab 驾驶室 expressway 高速公路

minicamera n.小型照相机 driverless 无驾驶员的

boot.(车身后部的)行李箱

注释：

1.virtual driver：虚拟驾驶员

2.The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at...车的大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度。The brain of the car is responsible for calculating the speeds objects surrounding the car are moving at = The brain is responsible for calculating the speeds at which objects surrounding the car are moving.

3.have the wheel：驾细汽车

4.This being the case：虽然情况是这样。This being the case是独立主格结构。

5.... highly intelligent cars are what the cars of the future should be like.未来的、汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。

练习：

A Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.

B In the near future，intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.

C This is the brain of the car.

D But how does an intelligent car control itself?

E It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.

F However, it cannot recognize moving people and bicycles on ordinary roads that have no clear markings on them.

答案与题解：

1.D “空1”前面三个句子讲的是真人驾驶员驾驶汽车时脑、眼、耳、手、脚并用，而且要协调 配合。“空1”之后话题转入虚拟驾驶员。“空1”之后的第一句“Apparently there isn't anyone in the driver's cab ... ”似乎来得有些突然，与前面句子接得很生硬。所以，中间应该 有个过渡句。选项D就是连接上下文的过渡句。

2.C “空2”前面一句意思是，如果你打开车身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自动驾驶系统中最 重要的部件，嵌入式计算机。“空2”后的句子中的the brain of the car自然是指前句的built- in computer,但接得太突然。选项C "This is the brain of the car. ”就把前后句子联系起来 了。this指代上一句的built-in comupter。后面句子的the brain of the car是重复选项C中的 the brain of the car,显得很自然。所以，C是答案。

3.E “空3”前面一句意思是，虚拟驾驶员最大的优点是反应快。“空3”后面一句意思是，最好 的赛车手至少要1秒钟才能作出反应。“至少要1秒钟”已经暗示，虚拟驾驶员反应速度要比真人驾驶员快。选项E说，虚拟驾驶员只需100毫秒就能作出反应。选项E使上下文的 意思完整，因此是答案。

4.A “空4”前面是一个问句，B卩“在这种情况下，是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾 驶员驾驶汽车?”“空4”的句子应该回答这个问题：“让还是不让?”选项A回答了这个问题， 因此是答案。

5.F “空 5”前面一句意,思是，“The intelligent car determines its direction by the clear lines that mark the lanes clearly and recognizes vehicles according to their regular shapes. ” (智仓旨、汽车按 清晰标出的车道线决定自己的行车方向，靠车辆的常规形状识别其他〒辆。)选项F的内容 正好相反。上一句说"recognizes”，还有"mark the lanes clearly"，而 F 说“cannot recognize"， 又说“no clear markings”。从意思表达和词汇重复上，都能判断出，F的句子应该出现在“空 5”的位置上。

译文：虚拟驾驶员

驾驶需要敏锐的视觉与听觉，大脑分析，手、脚和大脑的协调配合。人具有敏锐的视觉与听觉能力，能用大脑进行分析，保持手和大脑的配合。人能用身体不伺部位来操控一辆快速行驶的 汽车，但是智能化的汽车怎样自动驾驶呢?显然驾驶室里无人驾驶，但事实上的确存在一个虚拟 驾驶员，它有眼睛、大脑和手、脚。汽车两边的小型照相机就是它的眼睛，负责观察前方的路况信息和左右两侧的交通状况。如果你打开车身后部的行李箱，你就会看到自动驾驶系统中最重要的部件：嵌入式计算机。它是汽车的大脑，这个大脑负责计算汽车周围物体移动的速度，分析它 在路上的位置，选择正确的道路，并对方向盘和操控系统下达指令。

与人脑相比，虚拟驾驶员最大的优点是反应快。对照相机发送的图像，能在100毫秒内完成 对其的分析处理。可是世界上最好的赛车手至少要1秒钟内才能做出反应，并且这个时间还不包 括他采取应对措施的时间。

由于虚拟驾驶员反应迅速，操控准确，它能大量减少高速公路的事故率。在这种情况下， 是不是可以不分时间、不分地点都让虚拟驾驶员驾驶汽车?专家们认为目前尚不可以。由于虚拟 驾驶员识别物体的能力有限，目前这种智能化汽车只可以在高速公路上行驶。

智能汽车按清晰标出的车道线决定自己的行车方向，靠车辆的常规形状识别其他车辆。然而, 它却不能识别在普通道路上行驶的没有清晰标记的自行车和行人。虽然情况是这样，人们始终认为未来的汽车就应该是高度智能化的汽车。

相关推荐：2017年职称英语报名时间及入口

报考条件：综合类，理工类，卫生类考试原则上没有严格的界限。职称英语考试报名可在单位报，评职称与户口无关，主要看你的工作单位，所以你可以直接咨询单位的人事部门，如果他们说可以就行，每个省规定不大一样。【查看详情】

报考选择：职称英语报考科目|级别选择|报名条件及相关问题解答

免考规定：取得外语(从事翻译工作人员及外语教师第二外语)专业专科及以上学历的人员申报中、高级职称评审……。【查看详情】

（责任编辑：hbz）