补充:
英语句子严格讲求主谓一致性,一致性包括语法形式一致(即主语的单复数形式要与谓语一致),如:
she is listening(听).
they are listening(听).
the books are cheap(便宜的).
the book is cheap(便宜的).
意义上的一致性(即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致),如:
the police (警方)are investigating(调查).
比较:
my family has lived (居住)here(这儿) for ten years(年).
my family are all tall(高的).
还有就近原则(即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语),如:
there is a man(男人/人类) at the door(在门口).
there are two people(人) at the door.
 
 
she go into room, sit beside me. ---→
she go into room and sit beside me.
---→
she went into room and satbeside me. 
 ---→
she went into the room andsatbeside me.
提示2:
充当介词宾语的名词词语的前面往往需要带定冠词,起限定范围的作用。
 
小结:
大部分英语句子都有主语和谓语的结构。而相比之下, 汉语注重的是表意 --- 汉语中不少句子没有句子主语,或有些句子的主语不明显,但句意明确。
如:
出太阳了。
真吓人!   
研究得怎么样了?   
去还是不去?
 
由此可见要看懂英语句子就首先必须要识别出英语句子中的主谓结构。刚才提到大部分英语句子都有主语和谓语的结构,这是因为在英语的书面语还可能会出现省略了主语和谓语的省略句结构,而在英语口语中省略句结构更是常常出现,如:
i feel better(更好的) than(比)(i was) when  he came(来) to see me.
 
提示3:
省略结构的正确理解是职称英语阅读题中的常考点之一。
how (is it ) about the result(结果)?
 
英语的祈使句结构是典型的无主语句子结构(祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止
如:
sit down, please.(请坐下 – 命令)
watch your steps. (走路小心。——警告)

相关课堂练习(选自2008年职称英语等级考试综合c考卷):
 
ways(方法) to reduce(减少) exposure(暴露) to air pollution(空气污染)
1 a report published recently brings bad news about air pollution.it suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1 986 ukraine nuclear power plant disaster.the report was published by the uk’s royal commission on environmental pollution.but what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution? quite a lot,it turns out.
avoid(避免) walking(步行) in busy(热闹的)streets(街道)choose(选择) side streets (小巷)and parks(公园) instead(替代).pollution levels can fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source—exhaust furies(废气). also don’t walk(步行) behind(在...之后) smokers(吸烟者).walk on the windward(顶风的)side (边)of the street where exposure of pollutants(污染物)can be 50 percent less than on the downwind(顺风的)side.
3 sitting on the driver’s side of a bus can increase your exposure by 1 0 percent,compared with sitting on the side realest the pavement.sitting upstairs on a double—decked(双层电车)can reduce exposure.it is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus.air pollution on underground trains tends to be less toxic(有毒的)than that at street level,because underground pollution is mostly made up of tiny iron particles(粒子)thrown up by wheels hitting the rails,while diesel(柴油机)and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.
4 when you are crossing a road,stand well back from (远离)the curb(路缘)while you wait for the light to change。every meter really does count when you are close to traffic.as the traffic begins to move,fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. so holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference,even though it might sound silly.
5 there are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours.pollution levels fall during nighttime.the time of year also makes a big difference.pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest.extreme cold or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build—up of pollutants.