练习与体会:
(卫生类c/b级文章:smoking)
(1)smoke(烟) is a mixture(混合物) of gases(气体), vaporized(被蒸发的) chemicals(化学制品), minute(微小的) particles(粒子) of ash (灰)and other(其他的) solids(固体). (2)there is also (也)nicotine(烟碱), which (强大的) poison(毒药), and black(黑色的) tais powerfulr(焦油). (3)as(在…的时候)smoke is breathed in(被吸入), (4)all those components(成分) form (形成)deposits (沉淀物)on the membranes(隔膜) of the lungs(肺).

ⅱ、一般过去时
1. 形式
1) 动词be除第一人称单数和第三人称单数用was外,其余一律用were。
2) 动词have一律用had。
3) 行为动词过去时的形式分两种:规则动词和不规则动词。前者由动词原形+(e)d构成,如worked, used, studied, stopped等,后者如made, said, wrote等,属于不规则的构成形式, 须逐个记忆。
过去式/过去分词构成不规则的动词,常见的有:
make –made –made;
say – said – said
write – wrote – written
go – went – gone
do– did – done
leave –left –left
sleep – slept – slept
rise –rose –risen
arise –arose –arisen
drive --drove –driven
drink – drunk – drunk
take –took –taken
put – put –put
beat –beat – beaten
come –came –come
run –ran –run
choose –chose –chosen
give –gave –given
cut –cut—cut
break – broke –broken
meet – met --met
ring –rang –rung
beat – beat --beaten
 
 
 
一般过去时态基本用法
用于表示过去的某时刻或某一时期内的动作或状态。常与表明过去时间的状语连用,如yesterday, then(当时), just now(刚才), two days ago, 或由when或while等引导的表明过去时间的状语从句。
e.g. we met (遇见)him last month(上个月).
e.g. they stayed at home yesterday.
e.g. he was a doctor.
 
一般过去时态否定结构的构成:
1) 如果谓语部分是行为动词,在构成否定结构时, 需要在谓语结构中的行为动词的前面添加助动词did和否定副词, 并且需要把原来谓语部分的过去分词结构还原成动词的原形。
e.g. we met him last month.-- we didn’t meet him last month.
e.g. they stayed at home yesterday.—they didn’t stay at home yesterday.
 
2) 如果谓语部分是be动词,在构成否定结构时只需要直接在be的后面添加否定副词not。
e.g. he wasn’t out yesterday. 
         e.g. there wasn’t anyone in the room just now. (anyone –anybody)
 
        一般过去时态疑问结构:简单提一下:
e.g. we met him last month. – did you meet him last month?
e.g. he was out. – was he out?
e.g. he wasn’t out yesterday.—wasn’t he out yesterday?
 
练习与体会:
2004年理工hurricanes(飓风))
(1)did you know(知道) that before 1950, hurricanes(飓风) had(有) no names(名字)? (2)they were simply(仅仅) given(被给出的) numbers(数字). (3)the first names(飓风的首名) were simply alpha, bravo, charlie, etc. (4)but(女性的) names were given(被给与)because of(因为) the unpredictability (不可预知) factor(因素) of the storms(暴风雨). in 1953, female
 
ⅲ、一般将来时
1. 形式
第一人称后接:“shall+动词原形”
第二、三人称后接:“will+动词原形”
注:在美国英语中第一、二、三人称都用“will +动词原形”
 
2. 基本用法:
用在表示将来的动作或状态:shall/will + v. (将…)
e.g.they will win(赢). 我们将会赢的。
e.g. he will let (让) you know(知道). 他将会让你知道的。
〔主语为第一人称时〕一般将来时态常翻译为“要,想要, 将要, 打算要”
e.g. we shall (will) go(去) to (往) nanjing tomorrow(明天) morning. 我们明天早上要去南京。
e.g. we will/shall invite(邀请)you to our party(宴会). 我们想邀请你参加我们的宴会。
e.g. i will/shall be a good boy(孩子). 我要做一个好孩子。