谓语动词的时态
 
 
 
1. 表示将来时态的其他形式与用法:
1)“be going to+动词原形”表示很快就要发生的事情或打算要做的事。
e.g. it’s going to rain(下雨).
e.g. we are going to visit(访问)beijing next week(下周).
 
2)“be to+动词原形”表示安排好的动作或要求别人去做的事。
e.g. you are not to bring (带来)any materials(材料) to the exam(考试) room.
e.g. he is to see(看) me today. 
e.g. they are to be married (结婚)in may.
marry sb.
be/get married
 
3)“be about to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或正要做的事。
e.g. the conference(会议) is about to begin(开始).
 
 4)“be+现在分词”有时可表示按计划即将发生的一个动作,但仅适用于少数的某些动词(如arrive(到达) , come(来), go(去), leave(离开), start(开始)等)而且常跟表示很近的将来的时间状语连用。
e.g. our classmates(同学) are coming to see us the day after tomorrow(后天).
 e.g. the bus is leaving.
 
        4. 一般将来时态的否定结构
             e.g. we shall (will) go to nanjing tomorrow morning. -- we shall (will) not go to nanjing tomorrow morning.
e.g. it’s going to rain. – it isn’t going to rain.
 
        5. 一般将来时态的疑问句结构
         e.g. we shall (will) go to nanjing tomorrow morning. – shall/will we go to nanjing tomorrow morning?
         e.g. it’s going to rain. – is it going to rain?
 
练习与体会:
(理工c级 look after your voice)
if you are willing(乐意的) to change(改变), you will soon be able to (能够)say that(忘记) these techniques(技术) because they became(成为) a part(部分) of your life(生活). you will never forget

ⅳ、现在完成时
1. 形式:
1)   现在完成时由助动词have(has)+过去分词构成。除第三人称单数用has外,其他人称一律用have。
2)   过去分词的形式有规则的和不规则的两种。前者由动词原形+(e)d构成,如worked, used, studied, stopped等,后者如made, gone, written, cut等,须逐个记忆。
 
2.基本用法:
    1)用于表示动作现在已经完成:
            e.g. she has written (写)three books(书) up to now(到目前为止).
 
2)表示过去发生但对现在有影响的动作。可以不用时间状语,但也可和一些不涉及具体过去时间的副词连用,如already(已经), before(以前), ever(曾经), never(从未), just(刚才), once(曾经), recently(最近) ,yet(还, 尚)等,例如:
e.g. who has broken (打碎)the window(窗户)?
e.g. we have never seen such(这样的) a film(电影) before.
 
3) 也可表示过去某时开始的动作一直延续到现在,而且可能继续延续下去, 常和for引导的短语或和since引导的短语或从句连用。
e.g. we have studied (学习)english for more than 10 years.
e.g. he has lived (生活)here since he divorced(同…离婚) mary.
 
        3. 完成时态的否定结构
            e.g. we have seen such a film before. – we haven’t seen such a film before./we have never seen such a film before. /we have rarely/hardly seen such a film before. 
 
练习与体会:
(综合c级the barbie dolls)
barbie has undergone (经历)a lot of changes(变化) over the years and has managed (设法)to keep up with(与…保持一致) current (当前的)时下的trends(趋势) in hairstyles(发型), makeup(化妆) and clothing.