（七） 一般将来时态

构成：will/shall +do 动词原形

1 基本用法：表示将来要发生的动作或者状态，常和tomorrow明天，next week/month/year 下个星期 /月/年，in a few days 几天以后连用

e.g. he’ll come next week.
     we shall know the result结果 tomorrow.
     i shall go to beijing next year.

否定式：shall/will +not +do
i shall not go to beijing next year.
疑问式：shall/will +主语+do
will you go to beijing next year?

2 be going to 结构也表示打算做某事

e.g. he is going to buy her some flowers.
     i’m not going to argue 辩论with you tonight.
     it’s going to rain soon

3 be +to do 不定式结构也表示将要发生的动作 ，往往是已经安排好的事情，也可以表示要求做的事情

e.g. she is to be married next month.她定于下月结婚
     the expedition is to start in a week’s time    探险队将于一周后出发
     you’re to stay here till we return.返回
     he says that we are to wait till he comes.

4   be about to do 表示将要发生的事情

e.g. they’re about to start.
i am just about to fall into落入掉进 a doze 瞌睡when he started up.突然出现

5 be due to do    表示定于----

e.g. they are due to meet 相见again 再次tomorrow.
she is due to graduate 毕业next summer.
the bridge is due to be completed完成 next month.

(八)过去将来时态

构成：should/would +do 

1基本用法：表示在过去将来的某一时间发生的动作或者存在的状态。如果出现在从句中，主句往往用于过去时态（一般过去时态）。
e.g. he said that he would come back the next day.
     you knew i would come.
否定式：should /would +not +do 
疑问式： should/would +主语+ do
 
be going to do
am/is going to do --------------was going to do
are going to do ----------------were going to do
be to +do
am/is to do ----------------------was to do
are to do ------------------------were to do
be about to do
am/is about to do ----------------was about to do
are about to do --------------------were about to do
be due to do
am/is due to do ----------------was due to do
are due to do --------------------were due to do
 
 
练习：2009年综合类c级阅读理解

for the rest of the month, an epidemic (流行病) will sweep 席卷across 横穿the us. it will keep 使得kids孩子 home 回家from school. college students will ignore 忽视piles of 一大批homework作用. employees 员工will suddenly突然地 lose失去their abilities能力 to concentrate.全神贯注

将来进行时态：will/shall +be+doing 
将来某一时刻正在进行的动作
e.g.   i’ll be waiting for you outside.在外面

过去将来进行时态： should/would +be +doing 
过去将来某一时刻正在进行的动作
e.g. he said he would be watching tv that night.

将来完成时态：shall/will +have +动词过去分词
过去将来完成时态：should /would +have +动词过去分词

被动语态：

英语的语态：语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语的关系分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表主语是动作的承受者。
eg. i beat you . (我打你)    you are beaten by me. (你被我打了)
当主语不能够自己发出的动作时，就要用被动语态

1、构成：   be+动词过去分词（vt）       翻译成： 被---    受到---    遭到---

2、主动与被动语态的转换。

第一步：找到主动语态中的宾语，把宾语变成主语；
第二步：谓语变成 be+动词过去分词;
第三步: 介词 by+主语

eg: ① 主动语态： a  young  lady    runs    the  supermarket.
                  主语          谓语         宾语
                        
   被动语态：the supermarket     is  run by     a  young  lady.
② 主动语态： we   built   that  house   in  1981.
              主语  谓语      宾语       状语
    被动语态变换分步：that  house         
                          ①
                      that  house   was  built
                                     ②
                      that  house  was  built  by  us  in 1981.
                                                ③

3、被动语态的各种形式：

   be+动词过去分词 （be 有人称、时态和数的变化）
 
一般时态
进行时态
完成时态
现在时态
is   
am     worked
are
is
am      being worked
are
has
       been worked
have
过去时态
was
        worked  
were
was
         being worked
were
 
 
had been worked
 
将来时态
 
shall
       be workd
will
 
①     be worked
②     has/have been worked 
③     shall/will have been worked
 
将来过去时态
 
should
        be worked
would
 
should
          have been worked
would


先变被动语态，然后变各个时态
①     否定式：找第一个助动词，后面+not；
②     疑问式：找第一个助动词，然后提前；
③     如带有情态动词的被动语态，如：can / could、 may / might、must+be+动词过去分词，情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
eg : this must be done as soon as possible.
④     被动语态的动词往往是及物动词，如果是不及物动词往往需要与介词结合在一起，构成一个及物动词词组，不能去掉。
eg : we are looking  into   the case.
               不及物动词词组
         the case is being looked into by us.


⑤     主+谓+从句变为被动语态
eg : they reported that he had resigned (辞职)
                    it作为形式主语
 it was reported that he had resigned.