ⅱ不定式或不定式短语的用法:
不定式在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语。
1.作主语
不定式或不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数,如:
to serve the people is our duty. 为人民服务是我们的职责。
动词不定式短语作主语时,往往放在谓语动词的后面,用引导词it作形式主语。上述两句也可改为:
it is our duty to serve the people. 为人民服务是我们的职责。
形式主语的结构在职称英语考题中常见,在职称英语考试中常出现的形式主语的句型有:
it is/was/has been/had been/ will be/ would be + n.+ to do
it is our duty(职责) to help(帮助) them.
it is/was/has been/had been/ will be/would be +adj.+ (for sb./sth.)+ to do
it is easy(容易的) for us to answer(回答) this question(问题).(介词for引出不定式结构的逻辑主语)
补充:
answer the door v. 去开门(迎客)
answer the telephone v. 接电话
it takes/took/will take/would take sb.+ time/money + to do 做...会花掉/花了/将花掉某人...时间/钱
it will take you quite a (相当...的)long time to finish it.
补充:
quite a few adj. 相当多(修饰可数名词)
quite a little adj. 许多的(修饰不可数名词)
quite a number of adj. 相当多的