play[plei]n. 游戏(amusement, fun, recreation)，运动(sport, exercise)，戏剧(drama, performance)v. 玩(have fun)，扮演(act, perform, represent, take the part of)，播放(operate, switch on)，进行比赛(challenge, compete against, oppose)
play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑
come into play 开始活动，开始起作用
bring...into play 使...开始活动/开始运转
play a part in... 在...中扮演一个角色, 参与...
play an important role in... 在...中起重要作用
play tricks on... 捉弄...
play with ... 与...一起玩
player['pleiə] n.比赛者(competitor), 演员(actor, actress, entertainer, performer)，做游戏的人
please [pli:z] vt.使喜欢(amuse, delight, entertain, make happy), 使满足(satisfy, content)int.请
please hold on. 请别挂上
be pleased with oneself 得意, 洋洋自得
e.g. please let me know my balance.余额
point[pɔint]n. 点(sharp end, tip)，地点(location, place, position, site, situation)，分数(mark)，要点(aim, essence, goal, idea, intention, meaning, motive, object, objective, purpose, subject, theme)v.指向(direct, guide, lead, steer)，指出(indicate, show)
point out... 指出...
point at/to... 指向...
make a point of... 重视...
e.g. i'm in a hurry, so come to the point.
policy ['pɔlisi]n. 政策(intentions, plan of action, program, proposals)，方针(code of conduct, guidelines, practice, rules, strategy, tactics)， 保险单(document)
foreign policy 对外政策
policy maker 决策者
policy of insurance 保险单
e.g. honesty is the best policy.
polish ['pɔliʃ]v. 擦亮(brush up)，推敲n. 光泽(brightness, shine)，优雅(grace)
polish shoes 擦鞋
polish up... 擦亮...，改善...，提高...
polish off 草草做完
polish the apple 讨人欢心， 拍马屁
e.g. polished my buttons with a handkerchief.['hæŋkətʃi:f]
pollute[pə'lu:t] vt. 弄脏，污染(contaminate, infect, poison, stain)
be polluted with... 为...所污染
polluted air 被污染的空气
polluting strength 污染强度
e.g. the river has been polluted by waste products from the factory.
pollution [pə'lu:ʃən] n.污染(contamination)
air pollution 大气污染
environment pollution 环境污染
e.g. many young people could not resist the spiritual['spiritjuəl]精神上 pollution.
population [,pɔpju'leiʃən] n. 人口(citizens, community, inhabitants, natives, residents)
population boom 人口爆炸
population census ['sensəs] 人口普查
e.g. what is the population of this country?
portion['pɔ:ʃən]n. 一部分(bit, fraction, fragment, part, piece, ration, section, segment, share, slice)
a portion of ... 一部分...
e.g. the driver must bear a portion of the blame for the accident.
pose [pəuz] v. 提出(ask, present, put forward, suggest)，造成（cause），使摆好姿势n. 姿势(position)
pose an argument 提出观点
e.g. let's pose for a group photo.
position [pə'ziʃən]n. 位置(location,place, point, site, spot)，职位(employment, job, occupation)，立场(attitude, opinion, perspective, standpoint, view, viewpoint)，形势(situation, state, circumstances, condition)
in a difficult position 处于困难境况
be in a position to do sth. 能够...，有...的机会
put oneself in sb.’s position 设身处地
e.g. before the debate[di'beit], both sides made their positions clear.
possibility[,pɔsə'biliti]
n. 可能性(chance, feasibility, opportunity, potential, probability)，可能发生的事物
there is no possibility of... 不可能...
e.g. let's examine this possibility.
post[pəʊst]
n. 柱(column, pillar, pole), 岗位(location, place, point, position),职位(employment, job, position, occupation, work), 邮政(mail)vt. 张贴(put up, stick up),邮递(mail, send, transmit)
post card 明信片
post office 邮电局
post letters 邮寄信件
post-free 免邮资的, 邮资已付的
e.g. tell me where i can post them.
power ['pauə]
n. 能力(ability, capability, competence, faculty, mighty, skill, talent)，动力(energy, mighty, force, strength, vigor)，权力(authority, right)
vt.供以动力，激励(inspire, prompt, motivate)
come into power (开始)掌权，上台
fall from power 下野，下台
power politics 强权政治
power station 发电所
e.g. sitting out here, you really can feel the power of the sun.
practice ['præktis]
n.实际(application, effect, reality)，练习(exercise, training)，实习，开业(business)，惯例(custom, habit, tradition)
v.练习(exercise, train, warm up)， 实践(apply, carry out, do, engage in, perform, put into practice)，开业
put...into practice 实施...
have a practice of... 有...的习惯
practice medicine 行医
in practice 实际上
practice lesson 实习课
e.g. practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧.
praise [preiz]
vt. 赞扬(admire, applaud, compliment)
n.赞扬，赞美(applause, approval, compliment)
in praise of... 为赞美...
speak in praise of... 赞美...
e.g. let us give praise to god.
prefer [pri'fə:]
vt. (preferred, preferred, preferring)更喜欢，宁愿(choosem favor, like, pick out, single out, vote for)
prefer ...rather than... 宁愿[愿意]...而不愿...
prefer a to b 喜欢a胜过b
e.g. i much prefer cats to dogs.
prepare [pri'pɛə]
v. 准备，预备(arrange, get ready, organize, plan)
be prepared for [to do] 准备着...
prepare against... 准备应付(不好的事情)
prepare for... 为...作准备
prepare oneself for(= be prepared for/be ready for )
为...作准备
e.g. he is preparing his speech for the meeting tomorrow.
presence ['prezns]
n. 出席(attendance)，存在(existence)
in the presence of sb. (= in sb.’s presence) 在某人眼前
with presence of mind 镇定，沉着
e.g. she was so quiet that her presence was hardly noticed.
present[pri'zent]
n. 礼物(gift)，现在(present time)
adj. 现在的(current)，出席的(at hand, here, in attendance)
vt.介绍(introduce)，赠送(award, confer, donate, give, hand over. offer)，提出(put forward)
at present 现在，目前
for the present 眼前，暂时
present oneself 出席，到场
present evidence [律]提供证据
present sb. with sth. 赠送某人某物
e.g. how about your present salary?
preserve [pri'zə:v]
vt.保存 (conserve, keep, retain, look after, sustain, keep safe)， 维持(defend, guard, maintain, protect, secure, sustain)， 防腐
preserve peace 维持和平
preserve nature 保护自然
preserve food 保藏食物
preserve... from... 保护...使其不遭受...(损害)
e.g. i think these interesting old customs should be preserved.
press [pres]
v. 压(compress, condense, crush, squeeze)，按(depress, push)，熨平(衣服等)( iron) n.新闻界(newspaper, magazines, the media)，压，按
at (the) press (=in press/come to the press)
adv.在印刷中
press conference 记者招待会
press the button 按按钮
press... on... 把...强加于...
e.g. press this button to start the engine.
pressure ['preʃə]
n. 压，压力，压迫(burden, force, load, power, stress, weight)
under pressure 被迫地， 在强制下
release the pressure 释放压力
air pressure 气压
e.g. we must bring pressure in him.
prevent [pri'vent]
v. 防止，预防(avoid, take precautions against)， 阻止(check, hamper, hinder, stop)
prevent diseases 预防疾病
prevent...(from)... 阻止...做(某事)， 预防...遭受到...
e.g. what can we do to prevent the disease spreading?
price [prais]
n. 价格，代价vt. 给...定价
at any price 无论花多大代价
at the price of... 以...的代价，以...的价格
pay the price for... 为...付出代价
adjust the price 调价
reduce the price 降价
raise the price 涨价, 提价
price bargain 讨价还价
e.g. this is our latest price list.
principle ['prinsəpl]
n. 原则，行为准则(belief, doctrine, rule, values) ，(pl.)原理(essentials, laws, fundamentals)
by/on principle 按照原则，根据原则
in principles 基本上，原则上
stick to one’s principles 坚持某人的原则
moral principles 道德标准
principle of work 工作原理
e.g. we adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.
problem ['prɔbləm]
n.问题(mystery, puzzle, question)，难题(burden, difficulty, dilemma, headache, trouble, worry)
solve a problem 解决问题
problem of unemployment 失业问题
problem child 难管教的儿童
e.g. the students are working on a mathematical problem.
procedure[prə'si:dʒə]
n. 程序, 手续(course of action, process, routine, system, proceeding)
procedure of teaching 教学程序
e.g. he studied out a new procedure.
process[prə'ses]
n. 过程(course, development, evolution, experience), 步骤(method, operation, technique)
vt. 加工, 处理(alter, change, convert, deal with, prepare, refine, transform, treat)
in the process of... 在...的过程中
e.g. producing a dictionary is a slow process.
produce [prə'dju:s]
vt. 提出(bring out, disclose, display, exhibit, furnish, offer, present, put forward, reveal, show, supply)，制造(construct, create, form, generate, give rise to, make, manufacture, result in,turn out)，结(果实)(grow, yield)，创作(compose, develop, invent, think up)n. 产物，农产品(crop, harvest, output, products, yield)
produce electricity 发电
produce evidence 提出证据
produce effect 产生效果
e.g. she can produce delicious meal from very simple ingredients.
product ['prɔdəkt]
n. 产品(commodity, goods, merchandise, output, produce, production)，结果(consequence, effect, fruit, outcome, result)
electrical products 电气器材
product for society 社会用产品
e.g. this product finds few buyers.
production [prəu'dʌkʃən]
n. 生产，生产量(capacity, output, yield)，产品(output, product)，作品(writing, works)
production cost 生产成本
production line 生产线，流水线，装配线
production procedure 生产程序
e.g. they tried to increase production by using better methods and tools.
professional[prə'feʃənl]
n. 职业选手, 专业人员(career man, expert, specialist)
adj. 专业的, 职业的(competent, efficient, expert, proficient, qualified, skilled, trained, responsible)
professional ability/competence 业务能力
professional cancer 职业性癌
professional college 职业学院
professional credit 专业学分
professional society n.专业学会, 专业社团
e.g. i love my professional in art.
professor[prə'fesə] n. 教授
profit ['prɔfit]
n. 利润，益处(benefit, advantage, gain, interest, return, yield)
v. 对...有益(benefit, help, pay, serve)
make a profit on... 在...上获利
profit by [from]... 从...中得到益处[吸取教训]
e.g. there is very little profit in selling newspapers at present.
progress ['prəugres]
n. 前进，进步(advance, breakthrough, devlopment, gain, improvement, movement)
vi.前进，进展(advance, develop, improve, move forward, proceed)
in progress 正在进展中
make progress in... 在...方面取得进步[进展]
make progress with... 在...(方面)取得进展
progress of events 事情的进展
e.g. willing to learn and progress.
project ['prɔdʒekt]
n. 计划(design, idea, plan, proposal, scheme)，项目(activity, assignment, piece of work/research, task)v.发射(导弹等) (cast, throw out)， 伸出(extend, stick out)
project manager 项目管理人[经理]
project team 项目研究小组
project oneself 突出自己, 表现自己
project oneself into... 设想自己处身于...
e.g. do you have a project in mind?
promise ['prɔmis]
n. 允诺(assurance, commitment, guarantee, pledge, vow, word of honor)， 前途(potential)
v.允诺(agree, assure, guarantee, pledge, swear, vow)，预示(indicate, suggest)
make [give] a promise 答应，许诺
promise to do sth. 答应/许诺...
promise sb. that... 答应/许诺某人...
of promise 有前途的
e.g. i promise i'll keep it secret
promote [prə'məut]
vt.促进(back, boost, encourage, help, sponsor, support)，提升(raise, upgrade)， 推广(advertise, make known, market, push, sell)
be promoted (to be) ... 被提为...
promote growth 促进增长
promote cooperation 促进合作
e.g. we should promote world peace.
proof [pru:f]
n. 证据(demonstration, evidence, facts, grounds), [印刷]校样
in proof of... 作...的证据
e.g. proof is better than argument.
proper ['prɔpə]
adj. 适当的(acceptable, suitable, advisable)，正确的(appropriate, correct, fair, just, lawful, legal, right, valid, orthodox), 有礼貌的(decent, modest, polite, respectable)
proper child n. 守规矩的儿童
e.g. the pages aren't in proper order.
proportion [prə'pɔ:ʃən]
n. 比例(ratio)，部分(fraction, part, piece, section, share)
vt. 使成比例
in proportion as [to]... 按...的比例，与...成比例
in proportion 相称
e.g. her head is out of proportion to the size of her body.
proposal [prə'pəuzəl]
n. 提议，建议(plan, project, proposition, recommendation, scheme, suggestion)
make a proposal of marriage 求婚
make a proposal 建议
e.g. the boss approved my proposal.
propose [prə'pəuz]
vt.建议(present, put forward, recommend, suggest)，打算(aim, intend, mean, offer, plan)，求(婚)
propose to do sth. 打算...
propose that... 建议...
propose marriage 求婚
propose a toast 建议举杯祝酒
propose sb. for... 提名/推荐某人任(某职)
e.g. he proposed that a change should be made.
protect [prə'tekt]
vt.保护(defend, guard, keep safe, safeguard, preserve, secure, shield)
protect... from [against] ... 使...免于遭受到...
protect sb. from danger 保护某人使其免遭危险
e.g. he raised his arm to protect his child from hurt.
protection [prə'tekʃən]
n. 保护(defence, guard, shelter, shield)
under the protection of... 在...保护之下
protection from/against... 防卫...
e.g. she put on dark glasses as a protection against the strong light.
prove [pru:v]
vt. 证明，证实(confirm, demonstrate, justify, turn out)
prove (oneself) to be... 证明(自已)是...
prove... by experiment 实验证明...
e.g. perhaps this book will prove to be of some use to you in your studies.
provide [prə'vaid]
v. 供应，供给(afford, arrange for, cater, contribute, donate, endow, equip. furnish, give, grant, lend, supply)，规定(prescribe, regulate)
provide against... 为...做好准备，预防(灾荒，困难)
provide for... 为...做准备，防备...，规定...
provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
provide sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
e.g. the hotel provides a reservation of tickets for its residents.
public ['pʌblik]
n. 公众，公共场所adj. 公众的，公共的，公立的(accessible, national, open, popular, shared)
in public 公开地
public opinion 公众舆论
public education 学校教育(区别于家庭教育)
public health 公共卫生，公共卫生设施
public holidays 公共假期
public school 公立中小学
public service 公用设施, 公共服务
public speaking 演说, 演讲
public university 公立大学
e.g. public opinion is against him.
publish['pʌbliʃ]
v. 出版(issue, put out)，公布(declare)，发表(make public)
e.g. he has published quite a lot of articles.
pull[pul]
v. 拖(drag, draw, haul)，拉，拔(extract, remove, take out)
n. 拉，拖，拉力
pull down... 毁坏...，破坏...
pull in 进站, 靠岸
pull out... 拔出..., 离开
pull up... 拔起..., 停下
pull together 齐心协力
pull on... 穿...，戴...
pull off... 脱下...，（成功地）完成...
pull over 把(车)驾驶到路边
pull through... (使)度过危机/难关，(使)恢复健康
e.g. don't pull my hair!
purpose ['pə:pəs]
n.目的，意图(aim, ambition, design, end, goal, hope, intention, motive, object, objective, outcome, plan, result, target, wish)，用途(application, use, value)
on purpose 故意地
for (the) purpose of... 以...的目的
with the purpose of... 以...为目的
e.g. the plan has a triple purpose.
push[puʃ]
vt. 推，推动(drive, impel, press)，
逼迫(compel, persuade, put pressure on)，
推销(advertise, make known, promote)
n. 推，推动，干劲
push ahead with... 推动..., 推进...
push on with... 继续进行...
push... aside/away 把...推开,避开...
push for... 奋力争取...
push in 把...推入, 挤入
push off 离开
push... out 把...推出去
push the button 按按钮
push button 按钮
e.g. he pushed her into making a decision.
put [put]
vt.(put, put, putting) 放，摆，安置(arrange, leave, place, set down)，表达，提出(express, say, state, suggest, utter)
put... across 解释...
put... aside 储存...备用，撇开...，把...放在一边
put ...away 把...收好
put down... 写下...，记下...
put forward... 提出(意见、建议)，把时针向前拨
put in 打断，插嘴
put off... . 推迟...
put on... 增加...，上演(戏剧)，穿上...
put out... 熄灭...，生产...，出版...
put... through 接通电话
put up... 建立...，建造...
put up with... 忍受...， 容忍...
put ...in mind 记住...
e.g. i want to know how to put this in french.
puzzle ['pʌzl]
n.难题，谜(difficulty, dilemma, mystery, problem, question)
v. (使)迷惑(confuse)，(使)为难(worry)
puzzle about/over... 苦苦思考...
e.g. the question puzzled me.