学位英语

第三篇

Global Warming

At the Kyoto conference on global warming in December 1997, it became abundantly clear how complex it has become to work out international agreements relating to the environment because of economic concerns unique to each country. It is no longer enough to try to forbid certain activities or to reduce emissions of certain substances. The global challenges of the interlink between the environment and development increasingly bring us to the core of the economic life of states. During the late 1980s we were able, through international agreements, to make deep cuts in emissions harmful to the ozone layer. These reductions were made possible because substitutions had been found for many of the harmful chemicals and, more important, because the harmful substances could be replaced without negative effects on employment and the economies of states.

Although the threat of global warming has been known to the world for decades and all countries and leaders agree that we need to deal with the problem, we also know that the effects of measures, especially harsh measures taken in some countries, would be nullified (抵消) if others countries do not control their emissions. Whereas the UN team on climate change has found that the emissions of carbon dioxide would have to be cut globally by 60% to stabilize the content of CO2 in the atmosphere, this path is not feasible for several reasons. Such deep cuts would cause a breakdown of the world economy. Important and populous (人口众多的) low--or medium-income countries are not yet willing to undertake legal commitments about their energy uses. In addition, the state of world technology would not yet permit us to make such a big leap.

We must, however, find a solution to the threat of global warming early in the 21st century. Such a commitment would require a degree of shared vision and common responsibilities new to humanity. Success lies in the force of imaginations, in imagining what would happen if we fail to act. Although many living in cold regions would welcome the global-warming effect of a warmer summer, few would cheer the arrival of the subsequent diseases, especially where there had been none.

41　The main purpose of this passage is to __________.

A　convince people that global warming is a real threat

B　criticize some countries for refusing to cut down emissions harmful to the ozone layer

C　analyze the problem of global warming

D　argue against making deep cuts in emissions

42　The reason why it is difficult to get rid of the threat of global warming is that __________.

A　the leaders of many countries are not fully aware of the gravity of the problem

B　world technology is not able to solve the problem

C　not all the countries are willing to make deep cuts in emissions

D　many people welcome the global—warming effect of a warmer summer

43　In the passage the author implies that __________.

A　it is always difficult to work out international agreements to cut down emissions harmful to the ozone layer

B　it is no longer easy to reach international agreements relating to the environment

C　the world had recently become aware of the threat of global warming

D　the problem of global warming has largely been solved

44　According to the author，it is impossible at present to cut 60%of carbon dioxide emissions globally because __________.

A　it is only a goal to be reached in the future

B　some people are lacking in imagination

C　some people are irresponsible

D　it would cause to a collapse of the world economy

45　What should all countries do to help solve the problem of global warming? __________.

A　They should replace all the harmful substances.

B　They should willingly undertake legal commitments about their energy uses.

C　They should hold another world conference on climate change.

D　They should provide advanced technology.

第四部分：

31　A第一段第二句说明了选择预报方法应考虑的一些因素，其中包括B、C和D中提到的所能获得的信息、预报者的实际经验和特定天气状况给预报造成的困难程度。A是正确的选项，因为文中未提到天气预报员的想象力。

32　B答案可在第二段第二句中直接找到，其后是具体例子，用于说明persistence method只有在天气状况基本不变的情况下才能有效使用。

33　D第三段最后两句提供了答案。另外，该题的理解还须结合对第二段的理解。

34　C第四段的第二句告诉我们，the climatology method需要取多年积累起来的气象数据的平均值。第三句提供了具体例子。第五段的第二句和第三句说明，analog method也需要比较和对比历史上某一天的气象状况。

35　A最后一段的第五句和第六句提供了答案。

36　A关于Casper的正确说法是：A他是Edward的儿子;B他是一个开拓型思维的人;C他首次描绘了迂回思维;D他经常受老师叱责。

37　C申请牛津大学成功的原因是：A他仔细认真且经常劳累过度;B他的老师都认为他能考上;C他在考试中应用了父亲提供的技巧;D他在考试前阅读了《教会孩子如何思维》这本书。

38　D由第二段可以推断出Edward：A有可能通过他的着作改善孩子的思维逻辑;B在他儿子出生几年以后对迂回思维进行了描述;C因为儿子有点诵读困难才促使他研究迂回思维;D在为孩子和家长写书之前曾教过商人如何思维。

39　C根据第三段内容，下列选项能够表达Edward de Bono观点的陈述是：A人人都知道孩子的思维是不太合乎逻辑的;B试图教孩子思维是一场艰苦的战斗;C我们经常不能有效思维是因为我们的视野过于狭隘;D依据传统的观点，人们认为思维要按照一定的逻辑顺序进行。

40　A迂回思维指的不是下列当中的哪一项?A改进自己的思维逻辑;B改进自己的思维理解力;C了解你所说内容的含义;D为你所说内容寻求其他的替换对象。

41　C本篇的主要意图是：A让人们相信全球变暖是一个真正的威胁;B对某些国家拒绝减少危害臭氧层物质的排放量提出批评;C分析全球变暖问题;D反对大幅度减少有害物质的排放量。

42　C难以消除全球变暖这一威胁的原因是：A许多国家的领导者尚未充分认识到这一问题的严重性;B国际技术水平还不能解决这一问题;C并非所有的国家都愿意大幅度地减少有害物的排放量;D许多人对全球变暖所产生的温暖夏季效应持欢迎态度。

43　B文章的作者暗示：A要达成国际协议来减少危害臭氧层的物质排放量，一直是一件困难的事情;B达成有关环境的国际协议已不再是一件容易的事情;C全世界最近才意识到全球变暖的威胁;D全球变暖问题已在很大程度上得以解决。

44　D作者认为目前不能在全球范围内减少60%的二氧化碳释放量的原因是：A这仅是未来要实现的目标;B某些人缺乏想像力;C有些人不负责任;D这将引起世界经济崩溃。

45　B所有国家应该做些什么才有助于解决全球变暖的问题?A他们应该替换所有的有害物质;B他们应该乐于为自身的能源消耗承担法律上的义务;C他们应该召集另一次国际会议来讨论全球变暖问题;D他们应该提供先进的技术。

（责任编辑：pgl）