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2014年职称英语考试卫生类模拟套题十一

发表时间：2013/6/27 9:18:37 来源：互联网点击关注微信：

第三篇 When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach

Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world; they're affected by what's going on in our heads1. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who've just eaten.

Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis2, France, wanted to investigate how this happens. Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking processes get involved. 7

Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index3. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.

For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen---a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it．

Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food---related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perceptions5, not in thinking processes, Radel says.

“This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of 6 our motives and needs,” Radel says.

41. What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph l find?

A Hungry people see every word more clearly than ordinary people.

B Hungry people are always thinking of food-related words.

C Hungry people are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.

D Hungry people do not have lower-level of thinking process.

42. Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?

A Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach.

B Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees, hungry and non-hungry.

C Because noon was not the right time for any experiment.

D Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index.

43. What does the writer want to tell us?

A Human's senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what's going on in the world.

B What's perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking.

C Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.

D Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses.

44. What did the results of the experiment indicate?

A 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.

B Hungry people were better at identifying neutral words.

C People who had just eaten were better at identifying food-related words.

D The participants could barely perceive what they needed or what they strived for.

45. What can we infer from the passage?

A 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation.

B An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable.

C Our thinking processes are independent of our senses.

D Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes. 8

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第五部分：补全短文 (第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)

阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Reinventing the Table

An earth scientist has Rejigged the periodic table to make chemistry simpler to teach to students.

_____46_____ But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves.

“I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students,” he says, criss-crossing his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table. _____47_____ But he has added contour lines to charge density, helping to explain which ions react with which.

“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what’s going on with the elements,” says Albert Galy from the University of Cambridge _____48____

_____49____ He explains that sulphur, for example, shows up in three different spots one—for sulphide, which is found in minerals, one for sulphite, and one for sulphate, which is found in sea slat, for instance.

He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients, and which are common in soil or water. _____50____

A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in 1871.

B Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the number of protons they have.

C “I imagine this would be good for undergraduates.”

D Raisback has listed some elements more than once.

E And the size of element’s symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth’s crust.

F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.

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