学位英语

第6部分：完形填空（第51-65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

What Is the Coolest Gas In The Universe?

What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃，which ____ （51）in Antarctica（南极洲）in 1983．

We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in ____（52）.Temperatures in Earth orbit（轨道）actually range from about +120℃ to -120℃．The temperature depends upon ____（53）you are in direct sunlight or shade．Obviously, -120℃is colder than our body can ____（54）endure．

The space temperatures just discussed affect only our area of the solar ____（55）．Obviously，it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel ____（56）from the Sun．Scientists estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210℃．How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your ____（57）．We are taught it is supposedly ____（58）to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273℃，at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, Cornell and Wieman，have successfully ____（59）down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero．They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work-not a discovery，in this case．

Why is the two scientists' work so important to science?

In the 1920s,Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting ____（60）about special light particles（颗粒）we now call photons（光子）．Bose had trouble ____ （61）other scientists to believe his theory，so he contacted Albert Einstein．Einstein's calculations helped him theorize that atoms ____（62）behave as Bose thought-but only at very cold temperatures.

Scientists have also discovered that ultra-cold（超冷）atoms can help them make the world's atomic clocks even ____（63）accurate．These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second ____（64）six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time(d=vt)．With the long distances involved in space ____（65），we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance．

51．A. operated B. opened C. offered D. occurred

52．A. space B. star C. Earth D. planet

53．A. where B. what C. when D. whether

54．A. sadly B. repeatedly C. Freely D. safely

55．A. energy B. year C. system D. rays

56．A. by B. along C. away D. With

57．A. location B education C status D knowledge

58．A. interesting B. impossible C. reasonable D. necessary

59．A. burnt B. cooled C. blown D. cut

60．A. invention B. experiment C. paper D. theory

61．A. forcing B. begging C. convincing D. ordering

62．A. will B. would C. must D. need

63．A. that B. such C. more D. much

64．A. every B. any C. each D. some

65．A. station B. craft C. age D. travel

51 D 本题考查四个动词的意思。A 为"操作，运行"；B 为"打开，开张"；C为 "提供， 提出"；D为"发生，出现"本句要表达"1983 年南极洲出现了地球上记录到的最低温度"。答案为 D。

52 A 本题是对名词意思的考查。A为"太空"；B为"星星"；C为"地球"；D为"行星"。从文章的第三段第一句话可以看出，本段讨论太空的温度。答案为 A。

53 D 本题是对连接词意思和用法的考查。A为"何地"； B为"什么"；C为"何时"；D为"是否"。本句从句中不缺少任何成分，只是想表达"温度取决于你是否向阳，或是向阴"。答案为D。

54 D 本题是对副词意思的考查。A为"难过地"；B 为"重复地"； C为"自由地"；D 为"安全地"。本句的意思是"我们的身体无法安全耐受零下 120 度的温度"。答案为 D。

55 C 本题要表达的意思是"太阳系"。 A是"能量"；B是"年9"；C是"系统"；D 是 "射线"。只有 C符合题意。

56 C 本句要表达的是两个对立的意思：离太阳越近，我们感到越热；离太阳越远，我们感到越寒冷。从所给介词的含义来看，只有 away有"开"的意思。答案为C。

57 A 本段要表达的意思是 "温度取决于与太阳的距离"，所以本句的空格应填写 location，表达"位置"这个概念。选项 B 是"教育"；C 是"地位"；D 是"知识"。答案只能为A 。

58 B 从意思上来考虑，选项 A 为"有趣的"；选项 B 是"不可能的"；选项 C 是 "合理的"；D是"必要的"。文章要表达"我们被告知绝对零度之下原子是无法运动的，所以不可能存在比绝对零度更低的温度"。从意思上考虑应为"不可能的"，答案为B。

59 B 从词意来考虑，选项 A为"燃烧"；B为"冷却"；C为"吹"；D为"切、割"。本句的意思是"两位科学家将气体冷却到接近绝对零度"。答案为 B。

60 D 下文有提示，科学家 SatyendraNath Bose 做了有关光子的理论研究。A 为"发明"；B 为"实验"；C 为"纸张、论文"；D 为"理论"。答案为 D。

61 C 从词意上考察。A为"强迫"；B 为"乞求"；C为"说服"；D 为"命令"。本句的意思是"因为 Bose 难以说服其他科学家相信他的理论，所以他就联系了爱因斯坦"。答案为 C。

62 B 根据上下文判断可以排除选项 C 和D。will 可用来表示"在一定的情况下通常会……'，又因为本句主句的时态为一般过去式，所以从句中的助动词使用过去式 would。 本题答案为B

63 C 句中的 even 是对比较级的修饰，所以本题答案为 C，表达的意思是"甚至更准确"。

64 A 本句要表达的意思是"这些钟准确到每 6 百万年才差一秒钟"，所以应该选择every，表达"每一"，其与 each 的区别是 every带有频率的含义，而 each 没有这种意思。

65 D 本句要表达的意思是"在长距离的太空旅行时，我们更需要准确的时间以判断准确的距离"。只有选项 D"旅行"最合适。选项 A 为"站"；B 为"工艺"；选项 C 为"年龄、时代"。

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