自考英语

Passage Three

The modern age is an age of electricity. People are so used to electric lights, radios, televisions and telephones that it is hard to imagine what lift would be like without them. When there is a power failure, people grope about in the dark, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them and food spoils in silent refrigerators.

Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago. Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for millions of years. Scientists are discovering that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.

All living cells send out tiny pulses of electricity. As the heart beats, it sends out electric pulses. They form an electrocardiogram (心电图), which a doctor can sstudy to determine how well the heart is working. The brain , too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in electroencephalogram(脑电图). The electric currents produced by most living cells are extremely small-often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them. But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized in producing electricity that they do not work as muscle cells any more. When large numbers of these cells are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.

The electric eel-a long thin fish with slippery skin-can produce amazingly strong electricity. It can send an electric current as high as eight hundred volts through the water in which it lives. As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel’s body are capable of producing electricity, and the strength of the shock depends on the length of its body.

31 The phrase “grope about” (line 3, para. 1) could be replaced by ____.

A feel about B move about C walk away D run away

32 When talking about power failures, the author mentions problems related to _____.

A radios and televisions

B cars and telephones

C radios and telephones

D refrigerators and traffic lights

33 The author mentions electric eels ______.

A to warn the reader to stay away from them

B to describe a new source of electrical power

C as an example of electrically charged dangerous animals

D as an example of animals capable of producing electricity

34 Electric pulses of the eel are produced by its _____.

A skin B heart C brain D cells

35 The strength of the eel’s electric shock has to do with ____.

A the eel’s age

B the eel’s weight

C how long the eel is

D the water it lives in

PART TWO

IV Word Spelling

36. 肺 n. l_ _ _

37 批准，造成n. a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

38 使混乱，混淆 v. c _ _ _ _ _ _

39 而且，此外 adv. M _ _ _ _ _ _ _

40 全体人员 n. s _ _ _ _

41 面部的 adj. f _ _ _ _ _

42 全部地;完全地 adv. e _ _ _ _ _ _ _

43 破坏;毁灭 v. d _ _ _ _ _ _

44播送，发送 v. t _ _ _ _ _ _ _

45 占领;使从事 v. o _ _ _ _ _

46 对比，对照 n.v. c _ _ _ _ _ _ _

47 像，形象，图像 n. i _ _ _ _

48 相互作用 v. i _ _ _ _ _ _ _

49 成年人;成年的 n. adj. a _ _ _ _

50 明显的，显著的 adj. m _ _ _ _ _

51 业余爱好 n. h _ _ _ _

52 方针;政策 n. p _ _ _ _ _

53 现今，现在 adv. n _ _ _ _ _ _ _

54 躲避处;遮蔽 n.v. s _ _ _ _ _ _

55 习惯;风俗 n. c _ _ _ _ _

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