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2014年大学英语四级考试阅读理解强化练习：

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Most people would agree that，although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom.But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom” and consider means of promoting it.

There are several factors that contribute to wisdom.Of these I should put first a sense of proportion：the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight.This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians.Suppose，for example，that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine.

The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind.You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine.You succeed(let us say)as modem medicine has succeeded，in enormously lowering the infant death—rate，not only in Europe and America，but also in Asia and Africa.This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations.To take an even more dramatic example，which is in everybody’s mind at the present time：you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested(无利害关系的)desire for knowledge，and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race.

Therefore，with every increase of knowledge and skill，wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments(增强)our capacity for realizing our purposes，and therefore augments our capacity for evil，if our purposes are unwise.

61.Disagreement arises when people try to decide

A)how much more wisdom we have now than before

B)what wisdom is and how to develop it，

C)if there is a great increase of wisdom in our age

D)whether wisdom can be developed or not

62.According to the author, “wisdom” is the ability to______

A)carefully consider the bad effects of any kind of research work

B)give each important problem some careful consideration

C)acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledge

D)give suitable consideration to all the possible elements in a problem

63.Lowering the infant death-rate may____

A)prove to be helpful everywhere in the world

B)give rise to an increase in population in Europe

C)cause food shortages in Asia and Africa

D)raise the living standard of the people in Africa

64.The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point that

A)it’s extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in problem

B)success in medical research has its negative effects

C)scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human race

D)it’s unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine

65.What is the main idea of the passage?

A)It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a powerful mad man.

B)The more knowledge one has，the wiser one becomes.

C)Any increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance of Wisdom.

D)Wisdom increases in proportion to one’s age.

答案：

61. 【解析】B。细节题。文章开始作者提出大多数人对“our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge，there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom.”这种看法抱着一致的态度。第二句指出“…agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define“wisdom”and consider means of promoting it.”，所以正确答案是B。

62. 【解析】 D。语义题。本题询问“wisdom”在本文中的所指。文章的第二段中对“wisdom”下的定义是“the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight”。选项D的内容能够反映作者在文中所表达的观点。

63. 【解析】C。细节题。本题询问的细节是：降低婴儿的死亡率可能会出现的情况’。根据文章第二段的描述，我们知道降低婴儿的死亡率可以同时导致“making the food supply inadequate and lowering the.standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations.”选择项C概括文中所涉及到的本题的内容。

64. 【解析】 A。推理题。作者在第二段中用了两个例子都是为了说明一个主题，即如何理解“wisdom”的含义;第二段第二句对“wisdom”下了定义;第三句作者又阐述了自己的看法“This has become difficult than it used to owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of techniques.”接下来的两个例子都是论证这一观点。选项A准确地表达了这一思想。

65. 【解析】C。主旨题。根据文章的最终结论(即最后一段)可以推断本文的中心思想为：知识的增长还需要智慧的引导，否则会造成灾难性的后果。

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