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2014年大学英语四级考试阅读理解强化练习：

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company, trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so, they can put into circulation the savings of individual and institutions, both at home and overseas.

When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money.

Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Govern mentor by local authorities. Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized industries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they too, come to the Stock Exchange.

There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development. In one way or another, this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stocky Exchange exists top rovide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance.

56. Almost all companies trying to develop new products and creating new jobs have to

A) persuade the banks to provide long-term finance

B) rely on their own financial resources

C) borrow large sums of money from friends and relatives

D) depend on the population as a whole for finance

57. The money, which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects, is

A) raised by the selling of shares in the companies

B) repaid to its original owners as soon as possible

C) raised by putting into circulation of the savings of individual overseas

D) invested in different companies on the Stock Exchange

58. The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the government, local authorities and nationalized industries

A) to make certain everybody saves money

B) to borrow as much money as they wish

C) to raise money to finance new developments

D) to make certain everybody lends money to them

59. All the essential services on which we depend are

A) run by the Government or our local authorities

B) in constant need of financial support

C) unable to meet the needs of the populations

D) financed wholly by rates and taxes

60. When the savers want their money back they

A) transfer their money to a more successful company

B) have to borrow money from other people

C) put their shares in the company back on the market

D) go to the company to take it back

答案：

56.Almost all companies trying to develop new products and creating new jobs have to_____.几乎所有想要开发新产品和创造新工作岗位的公司都不得不_____.

A) persuade the banks to provide long.term finance

B) rely on their own financial resources

C) borrow large sums of money from friends and relatives

D)depend on the population as a whole for finance

A)说服银行提供长期贷款

B)依靠他们自己的财政资源

C)从亲戚朋友那里借大笔的钱

D)依靠广大民众来筹款

【解析】 D。细节题。根据题干关键词“develop new products andcreate newjobs”定位到第一段第三句，从朋友及熟人那里筹款的可能性是很小的，而银行只愿提供短期贷款，不愿提供长期贷款，所以A项和C项错误。接下来的一句提到公司要发展生产，不得不依靠广大民众，从而得出B项错误。故答案是D项。

57.The money，which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects，is____使这些公司能够继续进行他们的项目的钱是_____。

A) raised by the selling of shares in the companies

B) repaid to its original owners as soon as possible

C) raised by putting into circulation of the savings of individual overseas

D) invested in different companies on the Stock Exchange

A)通过销售本公司的股票筹集的

B)尽快偿还给它原来的主人

C)通过把海外的个人存款投入流通而筹集的

D)投资到证券交易所上不同的公司

【解析】 A。细节题。此题没有明显的关键词，但可以根据题意倒推出，问的是所需资金的来源。文章第一段倒数第二句提到：公司通过股票交易所发行本公司的股票来筹集资金，所以A项符合题意。此段最后一句“be that home and overseas”说明B项只提到一部分overseas，是不全面的。第二段第一句说明这些钱不可能尽快回到当初买股票的人手中，而是通过股票经纪人把他手中的股票卖给正准备投资的其他股东，故C也不正确。D中的different companies也与文意相反。故A项为答案。

58. The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the government, local authorities and nationalized industries _____证券交易所让政府、地方机构和国有企业可以_____。

A) to make certain everybody saves money

B) to borrow as much money as they wish

C) to raise money to finance new developments

D) to make certain everybody lends money to them

A)确定每个人都存钱

B)想借多少钱都可以

C)筹钱来投资新的发展

D)确定每个人都借钱给他们

【解析】C。细节题。根据题干关键词“government，local authorities and nationalized industries”定位第三段最后一句：“因此，政府、地方机构和国有企业常常需要借钱来支持重大开支，他们也需要去证券交易所。”A、B、D项都不正确，故选C项。

59. All the essential services on which we depend are _____. 我们依赖的所有的重要服务_______。

A) run by the Government or our local authorities

B) in constant need of financial support

C) unable to meet the needs of the populations

D) financed wholly by rates and taxes

A)是由政府和我们的地方机构经营的

B)需要持续的财政支持

C)不能满足人们的需要

D)完全由利率和税收支持

【解析】B。推理题。根据题干关键词“services”定位第三段首句“Many of the services needed both by in.dusty and by each of US are provided by the Government or by local authorities”用的是many而不是all，故A项错误。第三段第三句的前半句“require continuous spendin9”则证明8项constant need正确，后半句“requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone”说明D项wholly是错的。原文并未对C项做出任何说明。故选B项。

60. When the savers want their money back they________当股东想要收回资金时，他们______。

A) transfer their money to a more successful company

B) have to borrow money from other people

C) put their shares in the company back on the market

D) go to the company to take it back

A)把他们的钱转移到更成功的公司

B)不得不去向其他人借钱

C)把他们持有的公司股票放回市场

D)去公司把钱要回来

【解析】 C.推理题。根据题干关键词“savers want their money back”定位到文章第二段，可知当股东需要收回投资时，不是到公司要钱，而是把股票放回市场，通过股票经纪人把它卖掉。A、B、D项为混淆项，所以答案选C。

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