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2011翻译资格考试：《2010年中国的国防》白皮书双语（31）

发表时间：2011/9/16 11:25:12 来源：互联网点击关注微信：

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国家、军区和县级以上地方人民政府均设立国防动员委员会。国家国防动员委员会在国务院、中央军委的领导下，负责组织、指导、协调全国的国防动员工作，主任、副主任由国务院、中央军委领导兼任，委员由国务院有关部委和军队各总部有关领导组成。主要任务是贯彻积极防御军事战略方针，组织实施国家国防动员工作;协调国防动员工作中经济与军事、军队与政府、人力与物力之间的关系。各军区和县级以上地方人民政府国防动员委员会，负责组织、指导、协调本区域的国防动员工作。国防动员委员会设有办事机构，承担本级国防动员委员会的日常工作。目前，国家国防动员委员会设有人民武装动员、国民经济动员、人民防空、交通战备和国防教育等办事机构，军区和地方各级国防动员委员会设立相应办事机构。

At each level of the people's government from the county up to the state and in each military area command, there is a national defense mobilization commission. The State Commission for National Defense Mobilization, under the leadership of the State Council and the CMC, is in charge of organizing, directing and coordinating the nationwide national defense mobilization. The leaders of the State Council and the CMC take the positions of chairman and vice chairmen of the State Commission for National Defense Mobilization. Other members of the Commission include leaders of relevant ministries and commissions under the State Council, and leaders of the general headquarters/departments of the PLA. The core responsibilities of the Commission are to carry out the military strategy of active defense, organize and implement the state's defense mobilization, and coordinate relations between economic and military affairs, the armed forces and the government, and manpower and materials support in defense mobilization. Commissions for national defense mobilization of military area commands and local people's governments at and above county level are in charge of organizing, directing and coordinating national defense mobilization work within their respective jurisdictions. There are administrative offices in each commission for national defense mobilization to organize its routine work. At present, the State Commission for National Defense Mobilization has under its charge administrative offices responsible for the mobilization of the people's armed forces, national economy, civil air defense, transportation, and national defense education. The commissions in military area commands and local governments have under them corresponding offices.

2010年2月，全国人大常委会审议通过《中华人民共和国国防动员法》，规范了国防动员平时准备和战时实施的基本内容，规定了公民和组织在国防动员活动中的义务、权利，完善了国防动员的基本制度。

In February 2010, the NPC Standing Committee passed the National Defense Mobilization Law of the People's Republic of China which specifies the peacetime preparations for and wartime implementation of national defense mobilization, stipulating the obligations and rights of each citizen and organization during mobilization and improving China's basic mobilization system.

国防动员能力建设

National Defense Mobilization Capabilities Building

中国加强国防动员建设的根本目标，是建立健全与国防安全需要相适应、与经济社会发展相协调、与突发事件应急机制相衔接的国防动员体系，增强国防动员能力。近年来，国家遵循统一领导、全民参与、长期准备、重点建设、统筹兼顾、有序高效的原则，把国防动员建设纳入经济社会发展之中，快速动员、平战转换、持续保障、综合防护能力逐步提升。

China's fundamental goal of strengthening defense mobilization is to establish and improve a mobilization system which is in line with national security demands, coordinated with the economic and social development and coupled with the emergency response mechanisms to increase mobilization capabilities. In recent years, following the principles of unified leadership, public participation, long-term preparations, priority to key projects, overall planning, all-round consideration, orderliness and high-efficiency, China has integrated its defense mobilization building with general social and economic development, gradually improving its capabilities in rapid mobilization, moving swiftly from a peacetime to wartime footing, and sustained support and comprehensive protection.

人民武装动员建设取得新进展。完善战时部队动员计划和保障计划，落实现役部队预编满员工作，加强预备役部队建设。民兵依据战时可能担负的任务，结合完成非战争军事行动任务需要，加强快速动员机制建设。2010年8月新修订的《中华人民共和国预备役军官法》，对国家决定实施国防动员后预备役军官征召的权限、程序和方式作出新规定。

New progress has been made in people's armed forces mobilization. China has improved its plans for wartime troop mobilization and support, implemented pre-regimentation of reservists into active units, and strengthened the development of the reserve force. Based on possible wartime tasks and MOOTW demands, the militia force is improving its rapid mobilization process. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Reserve Officers, revised in August 2010, lays down new regulations on the authorities, procedures and methods of calling up reserve officers following a state decision to call for national defense mobilization.