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五、国防动员和后备力量建设

V. National Defense Mobilization and Reserve Force Building

中国坚持平战结合、军民结合、寓军于民的方针，加强国防动员和后备力量建设，提高国防动员能力，增强国防实力。

China pursues the principles of combining peacetime needs with wartime needs, integrating military with civilian purposes and combining military efforts with civilian support. It strengthens national defense mobilization and reserve force building, enhances national defense mobilization capabilities, and reinforces its defense strength.

国防动员组织领导体制

Organizational Structure and Leadership System of National Defense Mobilization

依照宪法和有关法律，全国人大常委会决定全国总动员或者局部动员。国家主席根据全国人大常委会的决定，发布动员令。国务院、中央军委共同领导全国的国防动员工作，制定国防动员的方针、政策和法规，根据全国人大常委会的决定和国家主席发布的动员令，组织国防动员的实施。国家的主权、统一、领土完整和安全遭受直接威胁必须立即采取应对措施时，国务院、中央军委可以根据应急处置的需要，采取必要的国防动员措施，同时向全国人大常委会报告。

According to the Constitution and related laws, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) decides on general or partial mobilization. The president of the People's Republic of China, pursuant to the decisions of the Standing Committee of the NPC, issues mobilization orders. The State Council and the CMC work in combination to direct nationwide mobilization, formulate principles, policies and regulations, and organize the implementation of mobilization in accordance with the decisions of the Standing Committee of the NPC and mobilization orders issued by the president. When China's state sovereignty, national unification, territorial integrity or security are under imminent threat which requires an immediate action, the State Council and the CMC may take the necessary measures of national defense mobilization in response to the urgency and seriousness of the event, and at the same time report to the Standing Committee of the NPC.

地方人民政府贯彻和执行国防动员工作的方针、政策和法律、法规，组织本行政区域国防动员的实施。县级以上人民政府有关部门和军队有关部门在各自的职责范围内，负责有关的国防动员工作，按照职责落实国防动员计划和国防动员实施预案。

Local people's governments organize and execute national defense mobilization within its administrative area in accordance with relevant principles, policies, laws and regulations. Related departments of local people's governments at and above the county level and those of the armed forces, within their respective scopes of duties, take charge of national defense mobilization work, and execute the programs and pre-arranged implementation plans.

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