borrow 和lend
都含"借"的意思。
borrow 指(从主语的角度讲)"借进", 表示"从[向]……借……, 自己暂时使用", 如:
You can borrow this dictionary from the library.
你可以从图书馆借到这本字典。
lend 指"把……借给", 表示"将自己的东西暂时借出给别人", 如:
I have lent my bike to Xiao Li.
我把自行车借给小李了。
take seize grasp clutch grab snatch
都含"抓、握、取"的意思。
take 系常用词, 指"拿、握、取", 如:
take sb.’s hand
握住某人的手。
seize 指"突然用力地抓住、握住", 如:
The policeman seized a criminal suspect.
警察捉住一个嫌疑犯。
grasp指"紧紧地抓住", 用于比喻意义时指"掌握","领会", 如:
grasp a rope
握紧绳子。
clutch 指"突然抓住", 常伴有"急切或害怕的心情", 如:
A drowning man will clutch at a straw.
将要溺死的人连一根稻草也要去抓。
grab指"抢夺"、"攫取", 如:
The boy grabbed the apple and ran off (with it)。
那孩子抢了那个苹果就跑了。
snatch 指"突然快速地拿、取、夺、抢走", 如:
The hawk snatched the chicken and flew away.
老鹰叼了小鸡就飞走了。
break away
逃走;逃脱
The robbery suspect broke away from the lockup.
抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。
Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules. (喻)
现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。
断裂;开裂
A large piece of ice broke away from the main block.
一大块冰从整个大冰块上断裂开来。
break down
破坏;拆散
The Congressmen of the Republican tried to break down the opposition from their opponents to their proposal. (喻)
共和党的议员们试图使他们的反对派不再反对他们的提案。
Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances.
人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
break down old conventions
打破旧框框
The robbers broke the door down.
强盗们把门砸开了。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)
据说和谈破裂了。
制服;被制服
(机器)损坏
Our truck broke down outside town.
我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the destination.
汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the camp.
车子在去营地的半路上抛锚了。
The 8 o’clock train broke down at Ferngreen station and was taken off the line.’
8点钟的那趟车因在芬格林车站出了故障而被取消了。
失败;破裂
Their opposition broke down.
他们的反对意见打消了。
精神崩溃;失去控制
He broke down and wept.
他不禁失声痛哭。
起化学变化
Food is broken down by chemicals.
化学物质引起食物转化。
细分;分类
break even
不赚不赔;收支平衡
break in
闯入;强行进入
The burglar broke in and stole my money.
夜窃贼破门而入,偷了我的钱。
打断;插嘴
It’s her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own.
他常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。
Don’t break in when the adventurer is telling his own story.
冒险家讲他自己的经历时,别打断他。
Children shouldn’t break in on adults’ conversation.
小孩子不要打断大人们的谈话。
The telephone ring broke in on/upon my thoughts.
电话铃声打断了我的思路。
训练;驯养;使(某人)熟悉工作
The engineering doctor from abroad only broke in with us last month.
从国外回来的工程博士是上个月才开始和我们一道工作的。
break into
闯入
The thieves broke into the office and stole some money.
小偷闯入办公室,偷了一些钱。
The bandits broke into the jewelry and stole near all the valuable necklaces.
土匪们闯进了珠宝店盗走了几乎所有值钱的项链。
打断;插话
突然…起来
to break into song
突然唱起歌来
The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed.
观众们爆发出一阵欢呼,醉汉鞠了一躬。
The car windows broke into pieces when the two cars crashed into each other.
两辆车相撞时车上的窗玻璃破裂成碎片。
The new waitress dropped the dish on the floor, and it broke into fragments.
新来的女服务员把菜盘子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。
勉强动用
to break into one’s savings
勉强动用存款
break of
除去(某人的)习性
They broke him of his addiction.
他们除去他吸毒的瘾。
Doctors keep trying to break him of smoking the drug.
医生多次设法使他戒毒。
break out
逃脱;逃出
to break out of prison
越狱而逃
突然发生
Fire broke out in the kitchen.
厨房突然发生了火灾。
It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighbourhood.
昨天快半夜了这儿附近发生了火灾。
World War II broke out in 1939.
第二次世界大战是1939年爆发的。
His back broke out in spots.
他背上出现了许多斑点。
She broke out in curses in her dream.
她在梦中大声咒骂起来。
The fire broke out in the basement.
地下室着了火。
Hostilities have broken out between the two countries.
两国之间爆发了战争。
break through
突破
After the storm the sun broke through the clouds.
风暴过后太阳冲破了云层。
At last, those physicians and specialists broke through in their fight against heart disease.
那些内科医生和专家们终于在同心脏病的斗争中取得了突破。
The guerrillas soon broke through.
游击队很快就突围了。
break up
分裂
结束;解散
The crowd started to break up when the night fell.
天快黑时人群开始散开了。
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.
天气转暖,冰层就会破裂。
Their marriage broke up.
他们的婚姻破裂了。
The police broke up the fighting crowd.
警察驱散了打架的人群。
He may break up under all this pressure.
在这么大的压力下他可能会崩溃。
Break it up!
别打啦!
The company top meeting didn’t break up until midnight.
公司高层会议到半夜才结束。
The police broke up the fight among the two black gangs.
警察驱散了两个黑帮间的殴斗。
(学校)开始放假
When will you break up this winter?
今年冬季你们什么时候放假?
使发笑;逗乐;使苦恼
That joke really broke me up.
那个笑话可把我逗乐了。
(责任编辑:中大编辑)