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成人学位英语备考词汇中易混淆词四

发表时间:2014/4/7 17:00:00 来源:中大网校 点击关注微信:关注中大网校微信
成人学位英语备考词汇中易混淆词四

  76. especially, particularly, specially

  均可表“特别地”。

  especially一般表示某事物在意义、程度、重要性性超过其他事物。如:I love Italy, especially in summer.(我喜欢意大利,尤其在夏天。)

  particularly往往着重说明与同类事物不同的个别事物。如:The visitors admired his paintings, but particularly the portrait of his daughter.(来访者赞赏他所有的绘画,特别是他女儿的画像。)

  specially 多表示“专门地”,“为特别目的的地”,如表“不寻常”,“过分”等,可与especially通用。如:I made chocolate cake specially for you.(我特地为你做了巧克力蛋糕。)

  77. exchange, replace, substitute

  均含有“换”之意。

  exchange指“互相交换”。

  replace的含义为“替换”,“取代”。如:George has replaced Edward as captain of the team.(乔石治已接替爱德华担任队长。)

  substitute则表示“用……代替”。如:We substitute nylon for cotton.(我们用尼龙代替了棉花。)

  78. fall, descend

  都可表向下运动。

  fall指由于重力突然从高处落下或因为失去平衡而跌倒。如:She slipped and fell down.(她滑了一下摔倒了。)

  descend多指沿着斜面而缓慢向下移动。如:He descended the hill.(他下山了。)

  79. fame, honor, reputation

  都可表名声。

  fame是常用词,一般指好的名声。如:He was not anxious for fame.(他并不渴望成名。)

  honor荣誉,尊敬,指受到公众崇敬的荣誉和光荣。如:This is an honor more than I can deserve.(这光荣我受之有愧。)

  reputation名誉,指公众对某人的看法,可好可坏。如:He has a reputation for laziness.(他的懒惰出了名。)

  80. fell, fall

  fell砍伐(树木)。如:They are felling the trees.(他们在砍树。)

  fell也可作fall的过去式;fell作“砍伐”时,它的过去式,过去分词分别为felled, felled.

  81. formally, formerly

  formally正式地。如:We were required to dress formally for the party.

  formerly从前。如:Formerly he worked in a factory, but now he is a teacher.

  82. frank, honest, sincere

  都与坦率有关。

  frank直率的,坦白的,着重表达自己的情感和想法时没有保留。如:To be frank with you, I do not know the answer myself.(老实说,我自己也不知道答案。)

  honest诚实的,正直的,指遵守正直等道德准则。如:We want your honest opinion, not empty compliments.(我们需要你的诚心恳的意见,而不是空洞的恭维。)

  Sincere诚挚的,诚恳的,强调出自内心的真心实意。如:Please accept this as a token of my sincere gratitude.(请接受这份表示我真诚感谢的礼物。)

  83. gaze, stare, glance, glimpse

  都与“看”有关。

  gaze“凝视”,强调由于惊奇、兴趣,目不转睛地注视。

  Stare强调由于好奇、害怕或无意地睁大眼睛盯着看看。

  glare“怒视”,是凶狠地含有威胁地盯着看。

  glimpse“一瞥”,是短暂而急促地看,含有意地匆匆地看一眼,现多用作名词。

  [注意]一般表示“看”的单词大多同at搭配构成短,但glimpse却有catch (have) a glimpse of这一搭配。

  84. genius, gift, talent

  都有天才之意。

  genius天才,是这三词中程度最高的词。如:Shakespeare was a man of great genius.

  gift天赋,比“天才”的意义要弱一点,可用复数。如:He is a man of many gifts.(他多才多艺。)

  talent才能,一般不用复数,指通过学习和勤奋掌握的本领、技术和其他的活动能力。如:As a novelist, he shows great talent in characterization.(作为小说家,他在描写人物方面显出很大的才能。)

  85. get, achieve, acquire, attain, gain, obtain

  均可表“获得”。

  get用得最广,可指以各种方式获得各种东西。如:Where can I get enough information?(我从哪儿能得到足够的资料?)

  achieve多指克服困难后取得胜利,成功,强调“得到”这一结果。如:He achieved his ambition in the end.(他最终实现了他的抱负。)

  acquire指通过本身的努力逐渐获得知识、能力和荣誉等。如:acquire knowledge(获得知识)。

  attain为正式用词,多用于庄重场合,主要指通过努力达到重要目的或得到珍贵的东西。如:The scientist attained great fame by a new discovery.(那科学家由于一次新发现而出了名。)

  gain多指付出极大努力后获得或赢得给自己带来优势的东西。如:They gained the victory after a bloody battle.(浴血奋战后他们赢得了胜利。)

  obtain多指凭努力或恳求得到急需或很想得到的东西。如:Howard had failed to obtain a scholarship.(霍华德没能得到奖学金。)

  86. grasp, seize, snatch

  都有“抓”的意思。

  grasp为常用词,是用适度的力量抓牢。

  seize是突然用力抓住。

  snatch“攫取”,指出其不意地,突然一把抓住并拿向自己。

  87. hanged, hung

  hang, hanged, hanged吊死。如:He hanged himself when he failed.

  Hang, hung, hung悬挂。如:His pictures were hung in the museum.

  88. haste, hurry, speed

  都与速度有关。

  haste急速,急忙,多指人的动作迅速和匆忙。如:I felt no haste to depart.(我不急着走。)

  hurry急忙,匆忙,常表示混乱,焦急和忙乱的意思。如:I forgot to pay my bill in my hurry.

  Speed迅速,快,不暗示忙乱或焦急。如:More haste, less speed.(欲速则不达。)

  89. hard, hardly

  hard努力地。如:Take it easy. You‘ve been working too hard.

  hardly几乎不,简直不。如:The children can hardly wait to hear the news.

  90. home, house

  home家。如:East or west, home is best.

  House房子,住宅。如:Our new house is quite near the station.

  91. equal, equivalent, identical, same

  皆含相同,相等之意。

  equal相同的,相等的,特指“数量,价值等”相同。如:Their ages are equal.

  equivalent相等的,特指“价值,效力,意义”等相同的。如:This sentence is equivalent to that.

  identical相同的,相等的,侧重于某一细节上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasions.

  identical相同的,相等的,侧重于某一细节上完全相同。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasion.(她在两种场合穿同样的衣服。)

  same相同的,表示在质量、类型、外表或意义上相同,而实际上有差异。如:He is of about the same age as you.

  92. imaginable, imaginary, imaginative

  都是与想象有关的形容词。

  imaginable可以想象得到的。如:This is the only solution imaginable.(这是惟一想得出的解决办法。)

  imaginary假想的,虚构的。如:an imaginary character in a story(故事里的虚构人物)

  imaginative富于想象力力的。如:an imaginative artist(想像力丰定的艺术家)

  93. indifferent, different

  indifferent冷漠的,不关心的,同to搭配。如:He was indifferent to his personal appearance.(他从前不注意自己的外表。)

  different跟……不一样,同from搭配。如:This book is different from that one.(这本书跟那本不一样。)

  94. industrial, industrious

  industrial工业的,产业的。如:Italy is becoming an industrial nation.(意大利逐步成为工业国。)

  industrious勤劳的,勤奋的。如:He is an industrious student.(他是个用功的学生。)

  95. influence, effect

  都有“影响”之意。

  influence可作动词、名词,指对某人的思想行为、性格等产生影响。如:She was influenced by her middle school teachers.(她受中学时的老师影响。)

  effect用作动词意为“造成”,“产生”,用作名词强调由于影响而产生特殊效果。如:The effects of the medicine are very good.(药效很好。)

  96. intention, idea, purpose

  intention主要指个人心里产生的做某事欲望或得到某物的想法,常见的搭配是have the intention of doing something.

  Idea指“意见”,“见解”。

  Purpose意为“目的”,着重于实现目的的决心和待付出的努力。如:For what purpose do you learn English?(你学英文的目的是什么?)

  97. last, latest, final, ultimate

  last最后的,与first相对,还可指“上一次的”。如:My seat is in the last row.

  latest最近的,指时间上。如:the latest news(最新消息)

  final最后的,指在一系列的事物中是最后的,而且是结论性的,决定性的。如:The judgment has become final.(这已是最后的判断。)

  ultimate 最终的,最后的,用于正式场合,含有最高的和最有权威的结果。如:He never considered the ultimate result of his action.(他从未考虑其行为的后果。)

  98. lay, lie

  lay放,搁。如:Lay the book on the desk.(把书放在桌上。)

  lie(躺)的过去式和过去分词分别为lay, lain; lie(说谎)的过去式和过去分词为lied, lied; lay作动词时的过去式和过去分词是laid, laid.

  99. literal, literary, literate

  literal文字上的,字面的。如:a literal interpretation of a passage(对一段文章的字面解释)

  literary文学的。如:literary works(文学作品)

  literary有文化的(反义词是illiterate),如:people applying for the job should be computer literate.(申请这份工作的人应会使用电脑。)

  100.manufacture, make, produce

  manufacture制造,加工,较正式,通常表示把原料经过一定程度制成产品,多指使用机器大批生产。如:This textile factory manufactures cloth of good quality.(这家纺织厂生产优质布料。)

  make做,制造,最常用词,使用较广泛。如:She can make cakes.

  Produce生产,制造,着重产品的数量。如:The chemical works produced 5,000 tons of chemical fertilizer last year.(这家化工厂去年生产了5000吨化肥。)

 

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