付款已延期到下星期。
postpone是正式用语, 语义较强, 指"有意识地延至将来某一特定时间", 在多数情况下, 后面说明改在何时进行, 如:
The meeting has been postponed to Friday.
会议推迟到星期五举行。
put off与postpone大致同义, 但较通俗口语化, 如:
Let’s put this off till some other time.
我们还是把这搁一搁, 以后再说吧。
rely depend
都含"信赖"的意思。
rely 指"在过去经验的基础上, 依赖、相信某人或某事物, 希望从中得到支持或帮助", 如:
He can be -lied on to keep secret.
相信他能保密。
depend 指"出于信赖而依靠他人或他物, 以取得其支持或帮助, 这种信赖可能有过去的经验或了解为根据, 也可能没有", 如:
He can depend on his wife for sympathy.
他相信妻子会同情他。
abandon desert forsake quit
都含有"放弃"、"遗弃"的意思。
abandon 强调"完全、永远地遗弃", 尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物, 如:
She abandoned her child.
她遗弃了她的孩子。
desert 强调"违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等", 如:
The soldier deserted his country and helped the enemy.
那个士兵叛国助敌。
forsake 指"遗弃某人以前所爱的人或物", 强调"断绝情感上的依恋", 如:
She pleaded with her husband not to forsake her.
她恳求丈夫不要抛弃她。
quit 强调"突然或不意地弃去", 常指"停止", 如:
She quitted her job.
她放弃了自己的工作。
devote dedicate consecrate
都含"贡献" 、"献身"的意思。
devote 指 "决心将全部身心、活动、精力等献出", 如:
devote one’s life to a cause
把生命献给事业。
dedicate 系正式用语, 指"庄重地奉献给神"或"为神圣目的而贡献", 如:
They dedicated the temple.
他们献出庙宇。
consecrate 系正式用语, 指"通过宗教仪式确定将某物用于神圣用途", 如:
The new church was consecrated by the Bishop.
新教堂的奉献仪式由主教主持。
expand swell distend dilate
都含"扩大"、"增加"的意思。
expand 侧重指"上下、左右、前后的面或体的伸展", 如:
Irons expands when it is heated.
铁加热时就膨胀。
swell 强调"由于内在的压力或外加某物而使增高或加大至超过正常情况", 如:
His injured wrist began to swell.
他那受伤的手腕开始肿了。
distend指"由于内部压力而引起膨胀", 如:
The balloon was distended.
气球已膨胀。
dilate指"加宽或增大", 尤指"加宽或延伸园形物", 如:
He looked at it with dilated eyes.
他睁大了眼睛看它。
distribute dispense divide allocate
都含"分配"的意思。
distribute指"将某物分成一定的部分或数量, 通常各份的数量不一定相等, 然后分给某些人或地方", 如:
distribute leaflets
分发传单。
dispense指"分配给一群人中每个人应得的份", 如:
They dispensed new clothes to the children in the orphanage.
他们把新衣服发给孤儿院的小孩们。
divide指"把整体分为若干部分", 如:
divide it into two
把它分成两份。
allocate指"分配一定数量的财物或任务给某些人、单位或事业等", 如:
We’ve allocated a sum of money to education.
我们已经拨出了一笔教育经费。
duty obligation responsibility
都含"职责"、"责任"的意思。
duty指"道义上的责任", 较强调"自觉性", 如:
Every citizen has the duty to construct his country.
每个公民都有建设祖国的责任。
obligation指"按照法律、合同、诺言等的要求, 应尽的义务", 如:
You’re under obligation to care her.
你有义务照顾她。
responsibility 指"由于法律、职业或道德等的要求而应尽的责任", 含有"法津上对后果负责任"的意味, 如:
The resposibility rests on us.
这由我们负责。
tendency trend drift
都含"倾向"、"趋势"的意思。
tendency 指"向某一方向移动或在确定的趋向中行动", 如:
show a tendency to improve
显示改善的倾向。
trend 指"总的趋向或倾向", 如:
a recent trend in literature
文学的最近倾向。
drift 指"事情进行的趋势或动向", 如:
The drift of opinion was against war.
舆论的趋势是反对战争。
melt dissolve liquefy thaw
都含"熔化"、"溶解"的意思。
melt 指"通过加热把物质由固态变为液态", 如:
Glass melts at high temperature.
玻璃在高温下熔化。
dissolve指"溶解", 如:
dissolve sugar in water
把糖溶解在水中。
liquefy指"液化", 即"把固体、气体变为液体", 如:
Butter liquefies in heat.
奶油加热便溶解。
thaw指"通过加热把冰雪等冻凝的物体变为液体或半液体", 如:
The ice has thawed.
冰已解冻。
discover,reveal,disclose在一起比较一般的含义是"揭示出来".
discover 是通用词,在表示"发现"的时候,它的内涵是被探索或被揭示物老早就客观存在着
Despite her great age,she was very graceful indeed, but so far ,the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
尽管她年代离开现在已经很久远了,但是她的确很有风姿,然而至今考古学家尚不能探索出她是那尊女神。
Alf’s wife has never discovered that she married a dustman.
阿尔夫的妻子从未发现自己嫁了一个清洁工。
reveal 在表示"揭示"的时候,它的内涵是通过或好象通过拉开帷幕把某物展现出来
In spite of this, many people are confident that ’The Revealer’may reveal something of value fairly soon.
尽管如此,许多人相信,这架探测器不久便会探出有价值的东西来。
The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell.
这出戏的最后一场的帷幕升起来了,展现在观众面前的是那位贵族,他孤独地坐在铁栏后的那间黑暗的号房里。
She reveals her even teeth whenever she smiles.
每当她微笑时,她那整齐的牙齿便被展现出来。
disclose 表示把未宣布的事情"透露"出来
She disclosed that she had been married for a month.
她透露自己已经结婚一个月了。
(责任编辑:中大编辑)