那么,我们需要拿什么标准来判断我们的命题是否正确呢?现在有很多不同的说法,在多年的教学经验的基础上,我总结出了这样的标准:
TRUE或YES:所需判断的陈述句中所有的考点词汇和原文中的表达完全对应。
FALSE或NO:所需判断的陈述句中至少有一个考点词汇和原文中的表达想矛盾。
NOT GIVEN:所需判断的陈述句中在没有错误的前提之下,至少有一个考点词汇文章没有提到相关内容。
用表格的形式表述如下:(假设被判断的命题中有三个考点)
首先来解释TRUE/YES的标准:所需判断的陈述句中所有的考点词汇和原文中的表达完全对应。从表述中可以看出,正确的标准是唯一性的,只有在全部考点都正确的情况下,该命题才能被判断为TRUE/YES。
Academic Test 1
Reading Passage 1
3.
题干:It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the "pure" science that they study at school.
原文:Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about "pure" science, curriculum science.
分析:此题答案为TRUE。从两个句子表达中不难看出,两句话都是针对children这同一对象,并且在观点陈述中hold对应harbour都作动词,表示“包含,拥有”, mistaken views对应misconceptions,表示“错误的概念”, that they study at school对应curriculum science,在这里curriculum做名词,表示“学校课程”的意思。
4.
题干:The fact that children's ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change them.
原文:These misconceptions do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organised, conceptual framework, making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification,
分析:虽然原文是一个长难句,但从表达意思的主体上来看并没有太大的改变。children's ideas about science对应these misconceptions,都指的儿童对于科学的认识,只不过文章中表达为错误的概念,form part of a larger framework of ideas对应do not remain isolated but become incorporated into a multifaceted, but organised, conceptual framework,都表达了儿童的观点形成了一个大的框架的观点,区别就在于文章对这个框架作了一些详细的描述,means that it is easier to change them对应making it and the component ideas, some of which are erroneous, more robust but also accessible to modification,在这里,考点的对应集中在了easier 正好对应了文章中的more accessible, to change them对应了modification.
7.
题干:The study reported here follows on from a series of studies that have looked at children's understanding of rainforests.
原文:These observations are generally consistent with our previous studies of pupils' views about the use and conservation of rainforest...
分析:在这里,关键的考点对应集中在了follows on from对应了consistent,都表示“一致的”意思,a series of studies that have looked at children's understanding of rainforests对应了our previous studies of pupils' views about the use and conservation of rainforest,同样表示了“之前已经研究过的儿童对于热带雨林的观点”。
(责任编辑:中大编辑)