考研

A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed.

Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most  training is  concerned with  technique, for  musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet

dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm -- two entirely different movements.

Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers  that  hit  the  strings  have  to  be    coaxed  not  to  sound

like  percussion,  and  each overlapping tone has to sound clear.

This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music  and how it should sound,  and they  have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.

Technique is of no  use  unless it is  combined with musical knowledge  and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.

（责任编辑：liushengbao）

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