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为了帮助广大考生系统的复习2012年公共英语考试，全面的了解公共英语考试教材的相关重点，小编特编辑汇总了2012年公共英语考试辅导资料和相关试题，希望对您参加本次考试有所帮助！

In just a fraction of a second after the Big Bang, the building blocks of our Universe begin to take shape. But this first matter is like nothing we see today.

大爆炸后短短的一瞬间，宇宙的组成元素开始出现。但第一种物质却并非今日所见。

The stuff of matter has been very different over the ages of the Universe. What we now think is normal matter was not at all normal in the earliest moments of the Big Bang.

宇宙形成百亿年以来，形成物质的元素不断变化。在现今宇宙里人们认为很常见的物质，在大爆炸最初时期并不存在。

That's because conditions were so extreme. There were no atoms yet. But there were tiny subatomic particles.

那是因为当时环境非常极端。那时还没有原子，只有微小的次原子粒子。

In the earliest moments of the Big Bang, the Universe was so hot and dense. There were great amounts of energy. And so particles will be created all the time and energy and matter will transform back and forth in this hot dense soup.

大爆炸最初那一刻，宇宙温度极高，密度极大，蕴含了巨大的能量。因此才一直有粒子生成，能量和物质在这高温高密的大熔炉里反反复复互相转化。

That earliest matter was too unstable to start forming the Universe as we know it. Think of it like this. Imagine rush hour at Grand Central in New York City as that superheated early Universe. The commuters racing through the main concourse are subatomic particles.

最早的物质太不稳定，从而不能形成我们所了解的宇宙。把纽约中心地带高峰期想像成炽热的早期宇宙，把在中央大厅飞速往返穿行的上班族想象成次原子粒子。

If you look at a crowd of people, a large crowd of people, they may appear randomly. That random, cocky motion is very similar to what was happening to the particles in the Universe in the earliest moments of the Big Bang.

如果你观察一群人，一大群人，他们可能是随机出现的。这种随机的运动与大爆炸最初宇宙内粒子的高速碰撞运动十分相似。

The extreme temperature of the early Universe energizes the subatomic particles. They appear. They disappear. They race around at incredible speeds. It's pure chaos.

早期宇宙内的高温提供给次原子粒子能量。它们不断创生，湮灭，以惊人的速率运动，宇宙内一片混乱。

It's like people. If they are excited and running around fast to catch trains at a train station, they have to move around quickly. But eventually they calm down and get slower. That's what's been happening to our Universe in a sense. The particles are moving around very fast and as Universe cools down, the particles move more slowly and in some sense, less randomly.

就像人类。如果人们在火车站为赶火车而到处奔跑，心烦意乱时，他们必须得快速移动。但是最终他们会平静下来，越跑越慢。从某种意义上宇宙也是这样，起初粒子四处飞移，当宇宙冷却，粒子运动越来越慢，从某种意义上不再那么随机了。

As the Universe cools, the particles stop changing back into energy.

当宇宙冷却，粒子不再转化回能量的形式。

Now there are more and more subatomic particles, but it's still a hot, violent place. All this is happening in fractions of a second, too small to detect it, but the Big Bang is moving into a critical stage now, a titanic battle between matter and the one thing that can destroy the Universe before it even gets started, anti-matter.

宇宙冷却后，次原子粒子越来越多，但是内部温度仍然很高，很不稳定。这一切都在短得无法探测的一瞬间完成。但是大爆炸正进入关键性阶段，将上演一场物质与反物质对抗的激烈战争，后者能在世界还没形成之前就将其摧毁。

Everything in the Universe is made from matter, from the smallest rock to the largest star, and all the matter there will ever be was created from the pure energy of the Big Bang. Einstein's equation, E=MC2, says that energy transforms into matter, but it was just a theory. Today science is able to test that theory.

从最小的岩石到最大的星辰，宇宙中的每件事物都是有物质组成。所有物质将会一直存在，它们都是由大爆炸的纯能量转化而来。爱因斯坦的质能公式：E=MC2，表示物质和能量可以互相转换，但当时这只是一个理论。如今科学家能够验证这个理论。

This is CERN in Switzerland, home to the world's largest machine. It's the size of a city and engineered to recreate the conditions millionths of a second after the Big Bang.

这里是位于瑞士的欧洲核子研究中心，世界上最大的机器建于此地。这个大如城市的机器被用来模拟重现大爆炸后百万分之一秒时的环境条件。

"If we wanna probe ever smaller scales, paradoxically we need an ever bigger machine. There's just no other way of doing it. So big machine(s) means small physics, means early times and therefore getting closer and closer to the origin of Universe itself."

“说起来有点矛盾，如果我们想探测小尺度的时空，我们需要超大的机器。这只是以另一种方式来模拟。巨型机器才能模拟微粒子运动，才能回到时间之初，才能越来越接近宇宙的起源。”

This monster machine is called the collider. It's designed to take us back to those first fractions of a second after the Big Bang. It's a 12-foot wide, concrete-lined circular tunnel, 17 miles around.

这个巨型机器被称作粒子对撞机，它旨在模拟大爆炸后那短短的一瞬间。粒子对撞机建在宽12英尺，，周长17英里的圆形混凝土隧道内。

The collider makes tiny particles of matter smashing into each other at almost the speed of light. For a split second, those collusions generate turbo-charged energy similar to the explosive force of the Big Bang.

粒子对撞机能给微小的粒子束加速，使其以接近光速的速度进行对撞。瞬息之间，粒子束对撞产生了涡轮增压式能量，与大爆炸的爆炸力相似。

And then that pure energy briefly transforms into matter, just like it did nearly 14 billion years ago. But a monster machine needs a monster detector to see these collisions.

正如140亿前年宇宙大爆炸一样，纯能量暂时转化为物质。然而要观察巨型机器里粒子的碰撞，需要巨型的探测器。

This detector is 5 stories tall and weighs over 7000 tons. And 7000 tons to give you a sense of perspective is the weight of the Eiffel Tower.

探测器有5层楼高，重量超过7000吨。对于你来说7000吨是什么概念?7000吨相当于埃菲尔铁塔的重量。

But as big as it is, it cannot see the actual particles of new matter. They hang around for just a split second and move so fast. It can only record their trails.

机器虽大，但却不能看见新物质实际的粒子。它们飞速移动，转瞬即消失不见。所以只能记录到它们的轨迹。

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