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为了帮助广大考生系统的复习2012年公共英语考试，全面的了解公共英语考试教材的相关重点，小编特编辑汇总了2012年公共英语考试辅导资料和相关试题，希望对您参加本次考试有所帮助！

The first one to form is Hydrogen. Then, over the next 3 minutes the Universe begins to create two more elements, helium and lithium.We went from a Universe that was infinitely small to a Universe that was light-years in size. In the first 3 minutes, essentially everything interesting that was going to happen in the Universe happened.

形成的第一种元素是氢。在接下来的3分钟里宇宙内开始形成其他两种元素：氦和锂。我们赖以生存的宇宙从无比渺小扩大到以光年来衡量大小。从本质上来说，在最初的3分钟宇宙内该发生的有趣的事情都发生了。

Well, not quite. If you were there, you couldn't see it.When we look at the night sky, we can see a literally billions of years into the past. And we think it's always been that way. Nope, not true. 380 thousand years after the Big Bang, that's when the Universe began to become transparent. But before then, it was milky.

其实，也未必。就算你在这里，也看不见。当我们望向夜空，我们能看见过去几十亿年前星球发出的光，从字面上来说是几十亿年前。而且我们认为自古以来就是这样。不，其实不是这样。宇宙大爆炸38万年后，宇宙开始变得透明起来。但是之前，宇宙内部则浑浊不清。

There was a milky soup of loose electrons. The young Universe has to cool down enough for the electrons to slow down and stick to new atoms. It took a long time for all of the hydrogen, helium and lithium atoms in the Universe to form. Scientists calculate it took 380 thousand years for the electrons to slow down enough so that the Universe could start mass producing atoms. When that happens, the milky fog clears. The first light escapes and raises across the Universe.

就像一锅充满松散电子的浓汤。年轻的宇宙渐渐冷却，电子也随之放慢速度，粘附于新生代原子。经过了很长时间，宇宙内氢原子，氦原子和锂原子才全部形成。科学家们计算，电子经过38万年才将速度减得足够慢，这样宇宙才开始大量生产原子。批量生产原子的同时，宇宙内浑浊的迷雾也开始消散。第一束光逃逸出来，在宇宙内无限延伸。

Nearly 14 billion years later, two young scientists in New Jersey picked it up by accident.In 1964, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson were mapping radio signals across our galaxy. Everywhere they looked, they picked up a strange background hum. They first suspected their equipment, maybe pigeon droppings on the antenna were causing the strange signal. But after cleaning the antenna, the mysterious hum remained, so much for pigeon droppers.

大约140亿年后，两位年轻的科学家在新泽西偶然接收到这束光波。1964年，阿诺·彭齐亚斯和罗伯特·威尔逊在映射银河系的无线电信号。不论从哪个方向，他们都会接收到一种奇怪的背景辐射噪音。开始他们怀疑是设备的问题，也许是鸽子落到天线上的粪便导致的。但是清理完天线后，那种神秘的嗡嗡声依然存在，也就排除了鸽子粪便这一因素。

Penzias delivered a talk at Princeton University. And according to law, one person in the back said,"either you have discovered the effects of bird-droppings or the creation of the Universe."

彭齐亚斯在普林斯顿大学的举行了一场讲座。根据物理定律，一位后排的人说道：“要么你发现了鸟粪的作用，要么你发现了宇宙的起源。”

It was in fact the moment of creation, nearly 14 billion years ago when those first atoms got their electrons. That's the moment when the milky cloud clears and the new universe comes into view for the first time. To catch (a) better images of this critical event, NASA launched the Cosmic Background Explorer Satellite or COBE. They pointed it out into space where it took the temperature of the universe. By measuring differences in temperature across space, they created the first map of our early universe. The images were called the face of God.

近140亿年前，第一批原子获得电子，这的确是创造性的时刻。此刻混沌的宇宙变得清澈，第一次呈现出新气象。为了更好地捕捉这关键性的时刻，美国太空总署发射了COBE-宇宙背景探测器。探测器扫描太空来测量温度。通过测量太空内温度的差别，他们绘制出了第一张早期宇宙的微波辐射图。这张图像被称作神的面貌。

We got gorgeous pictures, baby pictures of the infant universe when it was 380,000 years of age. But there are problems with it. The picture was very fuzzy. The COBE's result was simply not good enough.

我们绘制了斑斓的图片，那时宇宙只诞生了38万年，就如同襁褓中的婴儿。然而，我们也遇到了难题，绘制出的微波辐射图十分模糊。这一次宇宙背景探测的效果不尽如人意。

So NASA launched an even more advanced satellite WMAP, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe. In 2001, David Spergel was part of the team looking for a clear image of the early universe.

因此，美国太空总署又发射了一颗更为先进的卫星WMAP-威尔金森微波各向异性探测器。2001年WMAP探测项目组开始着手绘制清晰的宇宙早期微波辐射图，物理家大卫·斯伯格也是其中一名成员。

It was exciting to go to the cape. It was one of these moments when we were sitting there, watching this, as they're of my family. Watching the rocket go off. It was very exciting when within a better day we all get our first signal from the satellite. And now it was working, working without problem.

去好望角很令人兴奋。我们坐在那里观察着，觉得它们就是家人，这一刻让我很难忘。看着火箭脱落。崭新的一天降临，我们都接收到来自卫星的第一个信号，对此我们兴奋不已。直到现在卫星一直顺利地运行工作着。

This is the most detailed picture of the early universe ever taken, just 380,000 years after the Big Bang. The red-yellow areas are warmer, the blue and green regions cooler. And those temperature differences are clues to the future structure of the universe.

这就是目前我们绘制出的最清晰的宇宙早期(大爆炸后仅仅38万年)背景辐射图。红黄区域表示温度高，蓝绿区域表示温度稍低。这些温度差异是宇宙未来发展态势的线索。

You see tiny variations in temperature, those tiny variations in temperature reflect small variations in dense. This region has more matter, this region has less matter.

你也知道，温度上微小的差别反应了密度上的微小差别。这块区域包含更多物质，这块区域就相对少点。

Like a blueprint for the construction of our universe, this image shows us where there's more matter and where there's less. Regions with no matter will become empty space. Areas with denser matter will become the construction sites of galaxies, stars and planets.

像一张描绘宇宙结构的蓝图，这张图片向我们展示了物质的分布。没有物质的区域就会变成虚无空间。物质密度高的区域会变成孕育星系、恒星和星球的摇篮。

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