学位英语

第4部分：阅读理解(第31—45题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定l个最佳选项。

根据材料，回答31-35问题。

Nap, Good or Bad?

American society is not nap (午睡) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. "There's even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep. " Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: "Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven. "

Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. "We have to totally change our attitude toward napping," says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research.

Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an "American sleep debt" which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports,president Clinton is trying to take a half hour snooze (打瞌睡) every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have "a midafternoon quiet phase" also called "a secondary sleep gate". Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap.

We Superstars of Snooze don't nap to replace lost shut eye or to prepare for a night shift.

Rather, we "snack" on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries,offices and museums.

It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is______

A.

unreasonable.

B. criminal.

C. harmful.

D. costly.

参考答案:A 系统解析:【题 干】美国社会普遍认为太多的睡眠会______。

A.不合理的 B.有罪的 C.有害的 D.代价高的

【解 析】推理题。第一段的最后一句说到“wickedness eleven”，呼应前面的

nature requires seven(自然规律要求7个小时)和laziness nine(9个小时就懒惰了)，此处的wickedness的意思就可推理成为“有害的”。故本题选A。

32

The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans______

A.

don't like to take naps.

B. are terribly worried about their national debt.

C. sleep less is good for them.

D. have caused many industrial and traffic accidents.

参考答案:C 系统解析:【题 干】Dement commission所做的研究说明美国人______。

A.不喜欢小憩

B.十分担心他们的国债问题

C.少睡对他们是有好处的

D.造成了很多工业和交通事故

【解 析】细节题。由Demem回到原文定位到第三段，可知答案为C。

33

The purpose of this article is to_______

A.

warn us of the wickedness of napping.

B. explain the danger of sleepiness.

C. discuss the side effects of napping.

D. convince the reader of the necessity of napping.

参考答案:D 系统解析:【题 干】本文的目的是——。

A.警告我们小心小憩的害处

B.解释睡眠的危险

C.讨论小憩的副作用

D.说服读者相信小憩的必要性

【解 析】态度题。文章第一段指出，美国是对小憩不友好的国家。第二段开始的wrong表明的作者的态度为不认可上面的说法。第三段指出了睡眠少的危害以及引起这种危害的原因。最后一段，作者用实例号召人们想睡就睡，所以该文章的目的是使读者相信小憩的必要性。

34

The "American sleep debt" (Line 1, Par

A.

3) is the result of_____

A.

the traditiona! misconception the Americans have about sleep.

B. the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration.

C. the rapid development of American industry.

D. the Americans' worry about the danger of sleepiness.

参考答案:A 系统解析:【题 干】第三段第一行的“美国人的睡眠债”是——结果。

A.美国人对睡眠持有的传统错误观念

B.克林顿政府新的睡眠政策

C.美国工业迅速的发展

D.美国人对睡眠危险的担心

【解 析】细节题。本题很好定位，第一段中的谚语(proVerb)和第三段“改变对小憩的态度”都是明确的提示，美国人对小憩不友好的态度源自于固有的成见。故本题选A。

35

The author's attitude towards naps is_______

A.

neutral.

B. positive.

C. negative.

D. objective.

参考答案:B 系统解析:【题 干】作者对小憩的态度是——。

A.中立的 B.正面的 C.负面的D.客观的

【解 析】态度题。本文非常明显地体现了作者对nap的态度，是持支持态度的。

根据材料，回答36-40问题。

（责任编辑：pgl）