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Middle-Age Heart Risk Factors in Men's Lives

Middle-aged men with risk factors for heart disease such as smoking, high blood pressure and high cholesterol are taking 10 to 15 years off their lives compared to men without these troubles, British researchers say.

Although not the subject of this study, Clarke suspects the same lessons would apply to women.

For the study, a team led by Clarke, a reader in epidemiology at the University of Oxford, collected data on 20,000 men ranging from 49 to 69 years of age. The men all participated in what's known as the Whitehall Study and were first evaluated between 1967 and1970.

At the start of the study, the men completed a questionnaire that included questions about their medical history, smoking, employment and marital status. In addition, height, weight, blood pressure, lung function, cholesterol and blood sugar levels were also measured.

After about 28 years of follow-up, 7,000 surviving men were examined again in 1997.

When the study began, 42 percent of the men smoked, 39 percent had high blood pressure and 51 percent had high cholesterol. By 1997, about two-thirds had stopped smoking and their blood pressure and cholesterol levels had also dropped, the researchers noted.

In fact, men who had all three risk factors at the time they entered the study lived 10 years less than men with none of the risk factors. Life expectancy after 50 was an additional 23.7 years for men with three risk factors, compared with 33.3 years for men without the risk factors, the researchers found.

1.All the following factors mentioned in the passage may cause heart disease and shorten men’s lives EXCEPT

A.swine flu.

B.high blood pressure.

C.high cholesterol.

D.smoking.

正确答案:A

解析:问题问的是：以下哪项不会引发心脏病并缩短人的寿命？文章的第一段提到吸烟，高血压和高胆固醇三个因素，没有提到猪流感。因此选A。

2.Which of the following statements is true about the Whitehall Study

A.The study was led by a team of readers in epidemiology at the University of Oxford.

B.The data of the study were collected men aged over seventy.

C.The first evaluation was done between 1967 and1970.

D.About 20,000 people including men and women took part in the study.

正确答案:C

解析:问题问的是：下列关于白厅研究的说法哪项是正确的? 第三段末尾提到第一次评估是在1967年到1970年之间进行的。因此选C。文中提到只有团队的领头人是牛津大学传染病学的读者，而并非整个团队，因此A错误；研究对象是49-69岁的男人，因此BD错误。

3.How many items were measured at the start of the study

A.Four.

B.Six.

C.Ten.

D.Eight.

正确答案:B

解析:题问的是：研究开始时需要测量几个项目？第四段提到需要测试身高，体重，血压，肺功能，胆固醇和血糖六项。

4.What was the percentage of men who died after 28 years

A.42%.

B.51%.

C.65%.

D.35%.

正确答案:C

解析:问题问的是：研究开始28年后，过世的研究对象百分比是多少？第五段提到依然活着的有7000人，而参加研究的一共有20000人，因此过世的有13000人，百分比是65%。

5.How many men smoked at the beginning of the study

A.7,800.

B.1,0200.

C.7,000.

D.8,400.

正确答案:D

解析:问题问的是：研究开始时有多少人吸烟？倒数第二段提到，研究开始时，有42%的人吸烟，也就是8400人。

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