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2015年职称英语考试综合类a级补全短文拟练习题4

发表时间：2014/5/30 9:25:18 来源：互联网点击关注微信：

Learning Disability

Learning disabilities are very common, They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.

Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things.______________(46)

You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder,_______________(47)

In one study, researchers examined the brain of the learning-disabled person who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white.______________(48) the researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.

The study was carried out under the guidance of Normal Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities .Doctor Geschwind proposed at learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. “Probably”, he said, “nerve cells there did not connect as they should”. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires ware crossed.

Other researchers did not examined tissue.____________(49)

Frank Duffy experimented with this technique at Children’s Hospital Medical center in Boston. Doctor Duffy found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems.__________(50) Doctor Duffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain, not just the left side.

A In the learning –disabled person, however, these cells were gray.

B So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.

C The differences appeared throughout the brain.

D Researchers tried to improve the intelligence of learning –disabled in different ways.

E There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.

F Instead , they measured the brain’s electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals.

参考答案：E B A F C

答案解析：

46 E 前一句提到了科学知道了学习缺陷分为多种类型并且由不同的原因引起。接下来应该提高其中一种或者几种的原因，所以E选项“我们已经确定的是所有的学习缺陷都是由大脑的不同组成方式造成的”是正确的。

47 B 前一句提到了我们无法通过观察就判断孩子是否有学习的缺陷，因为没有任何外在的标志，那么下一句就应该提到通过什么具体手段来判断。所以B选项“因此，有些科学家开始直接研究大脑来确定到底哪里出现了问题。”是正确的。

48 A 前一句提到正常情况下人们大脑左半球控制语言的细胞是白色的，那么接下来应该说不正常的情况了。所以A选项“然而在有学习缺陷的人脑里，这些细胞是灰色的。”是正确的。

49 F 前一句提到了“其他的研究者没有检查组织。”下一句应该继续说明他们做了什么，所以F选项“相反，他们测量了脑电波活动并制作了脑电波图。”是正确的。