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Orbital Space Plane

While scientists are searching the cause of the Columbia disaster， NASA is moving ahead with plans to develop a new craft that would replace shuttles on space station missions by 2012 and respond quickly to space station emergencies.

The space agency released the first set of mission needs and requirements several days ago for the orbital space plane， which would be designed to transport a crew of four to and from the International Space Station.

Although it includes few specifics， the plan stipulates the orbiter will be safer， cheaper and require less preparation time than the shuttle. It would be able to transport four crew members by 2012 – though it would be available for rescue missions by 2010. NASA says the craft should be able to transport injured or ill space station crew members to “definitive medical care” within 24 hours.

The release of the requirements showed NASA remains focused on the long-term priorities of space exploration， even as questions linger concerning the loss of Columbia and its seven-member crew on February 1， 2003.

Experts at Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville， Alabama， have been working for years on a successor to the shuttle. The project， known as the Space Launch Initiative， was divided last year into two parts – one focusing on a future launch vehicle， the other on a space station orbiter. The orbiter is expected to be ready sooner.

The program’s managers say NASA officials have told them not to alter Space Launch Initiative in light of the Columbia disaster.

U.S. President George W. Bush asked Congress for about US$1 billion for Space Launch Initiative in 2004， funds that would be almost equally split between the Orbital Space Plane and Next Generation Launch Technology.

词汇：

shuttle 穿梭机 initiative 创始；倡议

orbiter 轨道航天飞机 in light of 鉴于，由于

linger 继续存留

注释：

1.would：这是虚拟语气的用法，表示未来可能发生的事。下面第三段出现的两个would也属这种用法。

2.few specifics：谈到很少细节。specific意为“详情，细节”时，一定要用复数形式的specifics

3.definitive medical care：最权威的医疗机构

4.concerning the loss of Columbia and its seven-member crew on February1,2003：作定语，修饰linger前面的questions。

练习：

1. The orbital space craft has been designed for

A. controlling the International Space Station.

B. carrying astronauts to the International Space Station.

C. transporting equipment to the International Space Station.

D. training astronauts in space flights.

2. From the passage we know that the design of the orbiter indicates

A. NASA’s determination to continue its space exploration projects.

B. the U.S. space technology superiorities.

C. a victory in space exploration.

D. the birth of an absolutely safe space craft.

3. When did the scientists start working on a successor to the shuttle?

A. Immediately after the Columbia disaster.

B. One year after the Columbia disaster.

C. Years before the explosion of Columbia.

D. Not mentioned in the passage.

4. Besides the main mission stipulated by NASA， the orbiter would also be used as

A. a space hospital.

B. a medical research center.

C. a medicine-transporting vehicle.

D. a space ambulance.

5. According to the passage， the funds， if granted， would

A. be used for developing the orbiter only.

B. be equally shared by the two projects under Space Launch Initiative.

C. be given to Marshall Space Flight Center.

D. be mainly used to improve space launch technology

答案与题解：

1.B 答案的依据是第二段的"...which would be designed to transport a crew of four to and from the International Space Station. ”

2.A答案的依据在第四段。第四段提及即使发生了哥伦比亚航天飞机失事、7名宇航员丧生 的悲剧,国家航空航天局仍旧关注于其在太空探索领域的长期优势所在。

3.C本文应该是在哥伦比亚航天飞机失事之后不久写的，因为第一段中说到哥伦比亚航天飞 机失事的原因还在调查之中，第五段又提到the orbiter的研究巳进行了多年。所以，选项C 是答案。

4.D第三段说到到2010年,the orbiter就能担负起接回在宇宙站工作的病员、伤员的任务，也 就是说，the orbiter起一种类似于space ambulance(太空救护车）的作用。

5.B最后一段说，若10亿美元的款项获得国会的批准，这笔款项基本上平分给the Orbital Space Plane 和 Next Generation Launch Technology 这两个研究项目。

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