自考英语

2000年10月自考“英语”试题
I. Vocabulary and Structure
从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. She was more_____ than frightened.
[a] surprising [b] interested [c] hated [d] surprised
2. The attention of the public was continually ______ to new possibilities in scientific fields and the discovery of new knowledge.
[a] applied [b] drawn[c] referred [d] thrown
3. Few， _____ any， live their lives without some degree of unhappiness and suffering.
[a] like [b] except [c] if [d] when
4. Many women are too concerned _____ staying thin and they believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food.
[a] at [b] in [c] for [d] to
5.In education， there should be a good balance among the branches of knowledge that contribute ____ effective thinking and wise judgment.
[a] at [b] in [c] for [d] to
6. _____ the numbers in employment， the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year.
[a] In line with [b] In terms of[c] In accordance with [d] In proportion to
7. Air travel is so quick nowadays that we can leave London after breakfast and arrive in new York _____ eight hours.
[a] in [b] for[c] after [d] until
8. It is also true that the effect of a drug is much _____ upon youngsters than adults.
[a] bigger[b] fewer [c] greater[d] little
9. Because the reading _____ in most college courses are very heavy， students should plan to read every day.
[a] assignments [b] schedules [c] activities [d] programs
10. For long-time efficiency and happiness it is best to observe the ____ of health and sound working conditions.
[a] principles [b] ideas [c] elements [d] factors
II. Cloze Test 下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
Although American informality is well known ， many new visitors think that it indicates a “lack of respect”. This is especially true in the business world. Americans often use first names _11_ meeting a stranger and do not always shake hands. They often just smile and say “hi” or “hello”， _12_ than using a more formal hand shake. It is good to remember that to an American such an informal greeting really means the _13_ thing as a more formal hand shake someplace else. _14_， Americans do not usually give a special "farewell" or hand shake to each person when they leave a party or business meeting. They will often just wave good-bye to the whole group or perhaps say， "well， so long everybody， I‘ll see you tomorrow." They then will leave. _15_ hand shakes.
Americans seem _16_ totally hurried and hard working or totally informal and at ease. Often you will see men working at office desks _17_ their suit coats and ties. They may lean far back in their chairs and even put their feet up on the desk _18_ they talk. In the United States， you should therefore understand that being in a great _19_ does not indicate unfriendliness and being informal and at ease does not show a lack of respect. Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem puzzling to a visitor. In _20_ you will learn these new ways.
11. [a] upon [b] for [c] as [d] at
12. [a] more [b] better [c] rather [d] other
13. [a] such [b] some [c] same [d] whole
14. [a] Similarly[b] However [c] Therefore[d] Especially
15. [a] Some [b] Then [c] So [d] No
16. [a] both [b] all [c] either [d] neither
17. [a] with [b] without[c] in[d] on
18. [a] while [b] where [c] which[d] because
19. [a] worry [b] trouble [c] pride [d] hurry
20. [a] time [b] case [c] turn [d] vain
III. Rreading Comprehension
从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。
Passage one
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
The economic costs of noise to society are several. Airports are currently operating at less than capacity because of noise regulations which restrict their hours of operation. For instance， at Washington‘s National Airport no jet traffic is allowed from 11 pm to 7 am. Other airports restrict the use of certain runways. One estimate is that noise restrictions reduce possible airport use by 20 percent. The profitable cargo trade is especially affected by night restrictions.
In the case of airports， jet engines may be modified to reduce their noise level， or insulation from air traffic noise may be provided by the purchase of land around airports or the insulation of buildings. One estimate is that ＄5.7 billion would be required to equip all existing jet engines with noise control devices. However， considering the current state of the art， even taking this step will not reduce noise levels at all points to acceptable values. Some combination of methods is probably necessary.
If all aircraft were made quieter by existing methods， there would be a number of economic benefits. An increase in airport capacity would occur. Property values near airports might rise. Transportation costs to and from airports could be reduced since the airports now could be located closer to population centers.
Much research still needs to be done on the economic aspects of noise reduction and noise effects. Although some of the effects of noise pollution are known， more must be discovered about its effects on health， productivity， property values and the quality of life. Furthermore， the cost of noise pollution to the economy as a whole needs to be investigated.
The public must be alerted to the dangers and economic costs of noise pollution so that people may make intelligent choices and exert appropriate pressures.
21. There is no jet traffic at Washington‘s national airport from 11 pm to 7 am because _____.
[a] it is extremely dangerous to fly in the dark
[b] noise regulations restrict the hours of airport operation
[c] some of its runways are not in good condition
[d] cargo planes produce disturbing noises
22. "The current state of the art" means ______.
[a] a developed sense of beauty [b] the volumes of present-day traffic
[c] the most recently developed technology [d] insulation of air traffic noise
23. Noise reduction could lead to_____.
[a] increased airport capacity [b] lower property values
[c] effective modification of existing jet engines [d] more transportation costs to and from airports
24. What is not mentioned in the passage?
[a] Psychological strain. [b] Handling capacity of cargo.
[c] Measures for noise reduction. [d] Public pressures.
25. The author of the passage is concerned primarily with _____.
[a] the effects of noise on the quality of life [b] the role of air traffic restrictions
[c] the production of quieter engines [d] the economic aspects of noise reduction
Passage two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
During a state of deep relaxation， several physiological changes take place in the body: the body‘s oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease， and there is decreased sympathetic nervous system activity. This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself， but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.
How to achieve this state of relaxation， however， is a matter of opinion， and in some medical circles， a matter of controversy . A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal "American psychologist" said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many benefi

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