CET4

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on thefollowingpassage.

Acid rain，which is a form of air pollution，currently becomes a subject of great debate because of widespread environmental damage for which it has been blamed.It forms when oxides of sulfur(硫) and nitrogen(氮)combine with atmospheric moisture to yield sulfuric and nitric acids，which may then be carried long distances from their source before they drop in the form of rain.The pollution may also take the form of snow or fog or fall down in dry forms.In fact，although the term“acid rain”has been in use for more than a century——it is derived from atmospheric studies that were made in the region of Manchester,England—the more accurate scientific term would be“acid deposition”.The dry form of such deposition is just as damaging to the environment as the liquid form.

The problem of acid rain originated with the Industrial Revolution，and it has been growing ever since.The severity of its effects has long been recognized in local settings，as exemplified by the spells of acid smog in heavily industrialized areas.The widespread destructiveness of acid rain，however,has become evident only in recent decades.One large area that has been studied extensively is northernEurope，where acid rain has eroded structures，injured crops and forests，and threatened life in freshwater lakes.In 1984，for example，environmental reports indicated that almost half of the trees in Germany’s Black Forest had been damaged by acid rain.The northeastem United States and eastern Canada have also been Darticularly affected by this form of pollution.Damage has also been detected in other areas of these countries and other regions of the world.

Industial emissions have been blamed as the maj or cause of acid rain.Because the chemical reactions involved in the production of acid rain in the atmosphere are complex and as yet little understood.industries have tended to challenge such assessments and to stress the need for further studies and because of the cost of pollution reduction，governments have tended to support this attitude.

Studies released by the USA government in the early 1980s，however，strongly indicated industries as the main source of acid rain，in the eastern USA and Canada.

61.From the first sentence of the passage，we Iearn that_____.

A.acid rain has caused air pollution

B.acid rain has caused widespread environmental damage

C.acid rain has become a much-studied subject

D.acid rain travels in all directions before it rains down

62.According to the passage，acid fog_____.

A.falls down when the atmosphere is moist

B.is not as frequent as acid rain

C.often falls in the region of Manchester,England

D.is as damaging as acid rain

63.The second paragraph is mainly about_____.

A.the origin of acid rain

B.the cause of acid rain

C.the formation of acid rain

D.the widespread damage of acid rain

64.Why is acid rain liRle understood?

A.Because it is a new phenomenon.

B.Because it is not frequent enough.

C.Because its formation is complex.

D.Because it is difficult to study it.

65.According to the passage，Governments__________.

A.deny that industries causes acid rain

B.admit that they are only partly responsible

C.claim that they are the main sources of pollution

D.think that the cause of acid rain needs further study

61.

From the first sentence ofthe passage，we learn that_______.从文章第一句话，我们可看出_______。

A)acid rain has caused air pollution

B)acid rain has caused widespread environmental damage

C)acid rain has become a much-studied subject

D)acid rain travels in all directions before it rains down

A)酸雨引起了空气污染

B)酸雨给环境带来了太面积的环境破坏

C)酸雨成为人们广泛研究的课题

D)酸雨落到地面上之前四处运动

【解析】 B。推理题。文章第一句意思是“酸雨是一种空气污染，由于它所造成的广泛的环境破坏，目前它已成为了激烈争议的话题。”由此可以得出结论：酸雨给环境带来了大面积的破坏。而A项“酸雨引起空气污染”，这与原文酸雨本身是一种空气污染有出入。C项“酸雨成为人们广泛研究的课题”，并不能从第一句中推测出来，讨论的话题不等于研究的课题。D项“酸雨落到地面上之前四处运动”，也是无法从第一句中推测出来的。只有B项has caused widespread environmental damage是符合原意的。故签毒为B项。

62.According to the passage，acid fog______.根据文章内容，酸雾______。

A)falls down when the atmosphere is moist

B)is not as frequent as acid rain

C)often falls in the region of Manchester,England

D)is as damaging as acid rain

A)当大气层湿润时产生

B)不如酸雨常见

C)经常在英国的曼彻斯特地区出现

D)和酸雨一样具有破坏性

【解析】 D。推理题。根据关键词acid fog 定位第一段最后一句The dry form。fsuch dep。siti。n isjust as damaging to the environment as the liquid form，干性的酸性沉积对环境的破坏作用与液体形式的沉积一样大。

这里所说的“固态”形式指上文提到的酸雾、酸雪等。故答案为D项。

63.

【解析】D。主旨题。根据上下文推断，本段的中心句是该段第三句The widespread destmctiveness of acid rain,however’has become eVident only in recent decades，酸雨广泛的破坏力直到近十年才引起人们的注意。

所以这里强调的是酸雨广泛的破坏力，而非酸雨的来历、酸雨的诱因或者酸雨的形成。故答案为D项。

64.

65.

【解析】D。细节题。根据题干关键词government定位第三段倒数第二句stress the need for furthe studies,认为酸雨的成因需要进一步研究。故D项为答案

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