Chapter 1 Structure of the legal system
1 Distinction between criminal and civil law
1.1 Civil law
Who brings the action?
Claimant (plaintiff) against Defendant.
E.g. Brown v Jones
Burden & standard of proof?
Claimant must prove liability on 'balance of probabilities'
Where is action heard?
Small claims, County & High Court
Who decides liability/remedy?
Usually Judge alone
Remedy?Compensation. E.g. damages
1.2 Criminal law
Who brings the action?
Prosecution (Regina) against Accused.
E.g. R v Smith
Burden & standard of proof?
Prosecution must prove guilt ‘beyond reasonable doubt’
Where is action heard?
Magistrates & Crown Court
Who decides guilt/sentence?
Magistrates/Judge/Jury
Sentence?
Fine/Imprisonment/Community order
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