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V. Accelerating the Development of Science, Technology and

Education and Promoting Cultural and Ethical Progress

The strategy of developing China through science and education and the strategy of sustainable development should be vigorously followed in promoting economic restructuring, enhancing the overall quality of the economy and furthering coordinated economic and social development.

Great efforts should be made to develop and spread the use of high and new technology that can play a crucial role in upgrading our traditional industries and can be widely applied. Outstanding scientific and technical personnel should be encouraged to help in upgrading technology in enterprises and in the utilization and modification of imported equipment and technology related to key projects. Application of high and new technology to production should be stepped up, with efforts focused on creating a number of competitive products and supporting enterprises which apply high and new technology. The successful operation of national high and new technology industrial development zones should be continued. Efforts to develop a state innovation system should be strengthened. Greater emphasis should be placed on strengthening basic research and high technology research efforts by supporting a contingent of highly qualified, top-notch researchers to focus on making pioneering advances in these fields. Efforts to promote reform of the management system for science and technology should continue. Applied research institutes and other research institutes studying projects with market potential should be turned into enterprises or work with enterprises to strengthen their technology development efforts. In addition, great efforts should be made to carry out trial reforms of research institutes working for the public good. Efforts should be made to promote the integration of production, teaching and research in a variety of ways. The protection and management of intellectual property should be strengthened. Investment in science, technology and education should be increased and return on investment should be enhanced. Vigorous efforts should be made to develop philosophy and social sciences. Workers engaged in the fields of philosophy and social sciences should carefully study the major theoretical and practical problems arising in the process of reform and opening up and the modernization drive in order to better serve the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

Efforts should be made to deepen the reform of education and work to improve the overall quality of students. All types of schools at all levels should strengthen moral education among their students, help them develop practical abilities and a spirit of innovation, and effectively reduce too heavy homework assignments for primary and secondary school students to ensure that they improve in terms of their moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in their appreciation of aesthetics. Goals in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal in the country and to eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people should be attained on schedule. Efforts should be made to further develop senior secondary school education, higher education and all types of vocational education. Enrollment in regular institutions of higher learning should be increased, and the practical problems of student dormitories, cafeterias and teaching facilities should be resolved by gradually making such services independent in their operation. Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted. More channels should be opened to create jobs for graduates from institutions of higher learning. Efforts should be made to develop schools not operated by government education departments. Modern information technology should be used to develop distance education. Reform of the management system for education should be continued. Except for the Ministry of Education and a small number of special departments, other departments under the State Council will no longer directly manage schools in an effort to form a new system under which schools are run by governments at both the central and provincial levels, with most schools managed by local governments. Restructuring of the internal management of schools should be deepened and close attention should be paid to ideological and political work in the schools. The quality of the teaching staff should be improved in an all-round way. Efforts to provide coordinated support for educational undertakings in poverty-stricken areas should be stepped up.

The system of income distribution giving preferential treatment to outstanding personnel should be reformed and improved to establish an incentive mechanism. Special measures should be adopted to improve the working and living conditions of scientific and technical personnel who work for the state in key fields and hold important positions. In addition, effective policy measures should be taken to encourage and attract students studying overseas and outstanding personnel residing abroad to come home to work in China.

We should continue to follow a path of sustainable development. We should further strengthen family planning, striving to stabilize the low birth rate and promote good prenatal and postnatal care, and devoting strong efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population. More work should be done in the area of care for senior citizens. The various programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our concern and support. The programs for the development of work concerning women and children should be earnestly implemented. Efforts to bring urban environmental pollution under control should be intensified, focusing on projects to prevent and control environmental pollution in major cities, valleys, regions and coastal areas and striving to achieve the goals set for environmental protection and pollution control. Urban and rural areas should be properly planned. The management of natural resources should be strengthened, and efforts should be made to protect and make rational use of land, forest, grassland, mineral, marine and water resources in accordance with the law. Work in public health and sports should be further improved with close attention paid to disease prevention and control, strengthening urban community health services and rural primary health care, and raising the overall physical fitness level of the public.

Governments at all levels should adhere to the principle of "doing two jobs at once and attaching equal importance to each" and pay very close attention to and strengthen socialist cultural and ethical progress. Close attention should be paid to the development of science and culture while serious efforts are also being made to promote ideological and ethical progress. Efforts to promote patriotism, collectivism and socialism should be continued to help foster in the masses, especially the young, the correct values and outlook on the world and life and give them a firm faith in the ideal of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Mass participation activities should be extensively launched to promote cultural and ethical progress. The scientific spirit should be encouraged throughout s

（责任编辑：中大编辑）

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