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[人民日报记者]:

刚才总理介绍了昨天下午给一所小学的小学生写回信，这是民生问题。民生是本次两会代表委员最关心的问题，也是政府工作报告的关键词。这份朴实的报告在民生方面出台了许多新政策，也增加了投入。请问总理，如何在制度上保证这些政策和资金真正落到实处、发挥效益，让百姓得到实惠?

People's Daily: Premier, you just told us that yesterday afternoon you wrote back to primary school pupils. This concerns people's well-being. People's well-being is the biggest concern of the deputies to the two Sessions this year, and it is also the focus of the Report on the Work of the Government. In your report, which is down-to-earth in style, a number of policy initiatives for improving the well-being of the people and increased government input for this purpose are proposed. What systemic measures will be adopted to ensure the effective implementation of these policies and use of financial input so that people will benefit from them?

[温家宝]:

我们改革和建设的最终目的是满足人们日益增长的物质和文化需求，这就需要解决民生问题。民生问题涉及人们的衣食住行，但当前最重要的是促进教育机会的均等。

Premier: The ultimate goal of our reform and development endeavor is to meet the increasing material and cultural needs

of the people. So the well-being of the people needs to be improved. This issue concerns the daily life of the people. The most important thing we should do now is to promote equal opportunity in education,

[温家宝]:

实施积极的就业政策，逐步缩小收入分配的差距，建立覆盖城乡的社会保障体系。

continue the pro-active employment policy, narrow the income gap and build a social security system that covers both urban and rural areas.

[温家宝]:

解决民生问题，第一要有制度的保障。我们免除农业税和农业特产税是立了法的，我们实行免费的九年义务制教育是立了法的，我们将要开始的实行覆盖城乡的低保制度也要建立法制。

To improve people's well-being, we need institutional guarantee. We have legislation on rescinding the agricultural

tax and taxes on special agricultural products. We have legislation on nine-year free compulsory education. And we

will develop a legal framework for the system of urban and rural basic cost of living allowances to be established.

[温家宝]:

我们正在拟定城乡医疗卫生改革方案，最终也要建立制度，有了制度的话，就不会轻易改变，它不会因为政府的更替和领导人的变化而发生变化。

We are drafting a plan to reform the urban and rural medical and health system, and the plan will eventually be institutionalized.Once the institutional arrangements are in place, it will not be easy to change things, and the

institutional arrangements will not change simply because of the change of the government or leaders.

[温家宝]:

解决民生问题要首先着眼于困难群体，因为在中国城乡，困难群体占有相当大的比重，特别是农民。一个舰队决定它速度快慢的不是那艘航行最快的船只，而是那艘最慢的船只。如果我们改善了困难群体的生活状况，也就改善了整个社会的生活状况。

In addressing issues related to the well-being of the people, the focus of our efforts should be on the disadvantaged

groups, because these groups are fairly large, particularly in rural areas. The speed of a flotilla is not determined by the

fastest ship, but the slowest one. Unless the well-being of the disadvantaged groups is improved, the well-being of the

whole society won't be improved.

[温家宝]:

解决民生问题还要让人民生活得快乐和幸福。这就要保障人民的民主权利，在社会推进公平与正义。记者也许问，什么叫快乐?我可以借用艾青诗人的一句话：“请问开花的大地，请问解冻的河流”。谢谢!

To improve the well-being of the people, we should make people feel happy about their life. To do so, we must ensure people's

democratic rights and promote social justice and fairness. You may ask: what do you mean by being happy? Let me quote a line

from Ai Qing, a Chinese poet, "Go and ask the thawing land, go and ask the thawing river".

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