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(五)大力实施科教兴国战略和人才强国战略

5. Vigorously implementing the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through human resource development

科技、教育和人才是国家发展的基础和根本，必须始终放在重要的战略位置。

Science and technology, education and human resources are the foundation of national development, and they must therefore always be given an important strategic position.

坚持优先发展教育。推动教育事业科学发展，为人们提供更加多样、更加公平、更高质量的教育。2012年财政性教育经费支出占国内生产总值比重达到4%。加快发展学前教育。公办民办并举，增加学前教育资源，抓紧解决“入园难”问题。

We will continue to give high priority to education. We will promote the scientific development of education programs, and provide people with more diverse, more equitable and higher-quality education. In 2012, government spending on education will reach 4% of GDP. We will speed up the development of preschool education. We will encourage both governmental and nongovernmental bodies to provide preschool educational services in order to increase resources and promptly solve problems concerning access to preschool education.

促进义务教育均衡发展。加强义务教育阶段学校标准化建设，公共资源配置重点向农村和城市薄弱学校倾斜。以流入地政府和公办学校为主，切实保障农民工随迁子女平等接受义务教育。支持民族地区教育发展，做好“双语”教学工作。全面推进素质教育。

We will promote the balanced development of compulsory education. We will strengthen standardization in compulsory education schools, and ensure that the allocation of public resources gives priority to rural schools and weak urban schools. Relying mainly on local governments and public schools, we will guarantee equal access to compulsory education for the children of rural migrant workers who live in cities. We will support the development of education and promote bilingual instruction in ethnic minority areas. We will comprehensively promote well-rounded education.

加快教育改革，切实减轻中小学生过重课业负担，注重引导和培养孩子们独立思考、实践创新能力。保证中小学生每天一小时校园体育活动。

We will accelerate education reforms; genuinely lighten the school workload of primary and secondary school students; and give high priority to guiding students and fostering their ability to think independently, solve practical problems and be innovative. We will ensure that primary and middle school students do one hour of physical exercise in school every day.

大力发展职业教育。引导高中阶段学校和高等学校办出特色，提高教育质量，增强学生就业创业能力。加强重点学科建设，加快建设一批世界一流大学。支持特殊教育发展。落实和完善国家助学制度，无论哪个教育阶段，都要确保每个孩子不因家庭经济困难而失学。

We will vigorously develop vocational education. We will guide senior secondary schools and universities to emphasize their unique features, raise the quality of their teaching, and help their students to become better able to find employment or start their own businesses. We will strengthen the development of key disciplines and accelerate the development of a number of world-class universities. We will support the development of special education. We will implement and improve the government financial aid system for students and ensure no children are obliged to discontinue schooling at any stage of education due to their family's financial difficulties.

全面加强人才工作。以高层次和高技能人才为重点，加快培养造就一大批创新型科技人才和急需紧缺人才。加大人才开发投入，推进重大人才工程。

We will comprehensively strengthen human resource development. With the focus on high-level and highly skilled personnel, we will more quickly foster a large number of innovative scientists and engineers and skilled workers who are urgently needed and in short supply. We will invest more in human resource development and carry out major projects to foster talented personnel.

深化选人用人制度改革，努力营造平等公开、竞争择优的制度和社会环境，激励优秀人才脱颖而出，创造人尽其才的良好局面。

We will deepen the reform of the systems for selecting and employing personnel; strive to create an equitable, open and competitive system as well as social environment in which people are selected on their merits; encourage outstanding people to emerge; and create an environment that encourages talented people to tap their full potential.

大力推进科技创新。加快实施国家科技重大专项，突破一批核心关键技术，提升重大集成创新能力。加强基础研究、前沿技术研究，增强原始创新能力。推动建立企业主导技术研发创新的体制机制。

We will vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation. We will speed up the implementation of major national science and technology projects, make breakthroughs in a number of core and key technologies, and enhance our capabilities to carry out major integrated innovation projects. We will strengthen basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies and increase our capacity for original innovation. We will give impetus to the establishment of systems and mechanisms for enterprises to take the lead in R&D and innovation.

鼓励企业共同出资开展关键共性技术研发，共担风险、共享成果，对符合国家战略方向的项目，政府要从政策和资金上给予支持。

We will encourage enterprises to undertake jointly funded R&D on key generic technologies and share both risks and rewards. The government needs to provide policy and financial support to projects in areas of national strategic interests.

深化科技管理体制改革，促进科技资源优化配置、高效利用和开放共享。激励科研院所、高等学校和广大科技人员以多种形式与企业合作。保持财政科技投入稳定增长，提高科研经费使用效率。

We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, and promote the optimal allocation, efficient use and public sharing of scientific and technological resources. We will provide incentives to research institutes, universities, scientists and engineers to encourage them to cooperate with enterprises in various ways. We will steadily increase government spending on science and technology, and improve the performance of research expenditures.

坚定不移地实施国家知识产权战略，提升知识产权的创造、应用、保护、管理能力，激发全社会创新活力。

We will unswervingly implement the national strategy on intellectual property rights; improve our ability to create, apply, protect and manage them; and arouse an innovative spirit throughout society.

(六)加强社会建设和保障改善民生

6. Strengthening social development and ensuring and improving the wellbeing of the people

经济越发展，越要重视加强社会建设和保障改善民生。

The more the economy develops, the more attention we need to pay to strengthening social development and ensuring and improving people's wellbeing.

千方百计扩大就业。继续实施更加积极的就业政策。今年中央财政拟投入423亿元，用于扶助和促进就业。要适应我国劳动力结构特点，大力发展劳动密集型产业、服务业、小型微型企业和创新型科技企业，努力满足不同层次的就业需求。

We will do everything in our power to expand employment. We will continue to implement a more proactive employment policy. This year the central government plans to invest 42.3 billion yuan to assist and promote employment. In light of the workforce structure in China, we will energetically devel

（责任编辑：中大编辑）

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