2010年11月10日，张业遂大使应邀在美国内布拉斯加大学林肯分校“汤普森世界问题论坛”上就“全球化时代的中国与中美关系”发表演讲。

全球化时代的中国与中美关系
——驻美国大使张业遂在美国内布拉斯加大学的演讲
2010年11月10日

China and China-US Relations in the Era of Globalization
-- Speech by Ambassador Zhang Yesui at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln
November 10, 2010

尊敬的珀尔曼校长，
尊敬的哈格尔前参议员，
女士们，先生们：

Chancellor Harvey Perlman,
Senator Chuck Hagel,
Ladies and Gentlemen,

首先，我感谢珀尔曼校长的盛情邀请和热情介绍。我很荣幸同哈格尔前参议员一起出席今天的“汤普森世界问题论坛”。

Let me start by thanking you, Chancellor Perlman, for your kind invitation and warm introduction. It is a great privilege to join Senator Hagel in attending tonight's E.N. Thompson Forum on World Issues.

这是我第一次访问内布拉斯加州。我知道，内布拉斯加大学林肯分校非同一般，是内布拉斯加州最大的公立大学和教育学术文化中心。你们的 “Cornhuskers”橄榄球队也非同一般，曾五次荣获全美冠军，而且目前在联盟联赛中表现出色。我相信你们会在不远的时间内再次获得冠军。祝你们好运！

This is my first time in Nebraska. I understand that the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is very special. It is Nebraska's biggest public university as well as an educational, academic and cultural center. Your football team, the Cornhuskers, is also very special. You have won five national championships and you currently are doing very well at the Big 12. I trust you will win back the national championship again very soon. So good luck!

今晚论坛的主题是“全球化的前景”。我愿先谈一下全球化与中国，再就全球化时代的中美关系谈些看法。

As tonight's theme is "Globalization's Promise", I would like to speak first on globalization and China and then on China-US relations in the era of globalization.

2008年国际金融危机爆发以后，许多人开始质疑全球化进程：全球化的趋势会不会逆转？如何看待全球化的影响？如何应对全球化带来的种种问题？

Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis in 2008, many people have started to question the globalization process. Will the trend of globalization be reversed? How to view the impact of globalization? And how to deal with the various issues arising from globalization?

虽然这几年世界经济遭受重创，但经济全球化的大趋势并没有改变。推动全球化进程的科技进步、跨国贸易和投资、全球产业结构调整这三大因素仍然在发挥作用。以环保、新能源、低碳经济和低碳技术为核心的新技术继续成为新一轮经济全球化的动力。在应对国际金融危机的过程中，全球产业结构调整和产业转移也在深化。

In spite of the heavy blow to the world economy by the international financial crisis, the main trend of economic globalization has not changed. This is because the three major drivers of globalization remain effective, namely, scientific and technological advances, cross-border trade and investment, and international industrial restructuring. New technologies, with environmental protection, new energy, low-carbon economy and technology at the core, will continue to drive the new round of globalization. In responding to the international financial crisis, there has been more profound industrial restructuring and relocation of resources world wide.

经济全球化的“双刃剑”效应继续显现。一方面，毋庸置疑，由于生产要素在全球范围内的流动和配置，降低了成本，提高了效率，进一步提升了世界生产力的总体水平。但另一方面，它也造成了世界经济失衡加剧，不仅南北差距进一步拉大，一些发达经济体也受到全球化的冲击。一些国家的民众对全球化的不满和质疑在增多，贸易和投资保护主义情绪在上升。金融全球化过度发展的风险性和危害性进一步凸显。

The effects of economic globalization as a double-edged sword have become more obvious. On the one hand, the worldwide flow and distribution of elements of production has undoubtedly lowered costs, increased efficiency and further improved overall productivity; but on the other hand, it has aggravated world economic imbalance and widened the gap between different economies. There is growing public discontent and suspicion in many countries, and the mood for trade and investment protection is on the rise. The risks of excessive financial globalization have also been recognized.

解决全球化带来的问题，需要全球共同作出努力，尤其需要推动全球化向普惠、协调、均衡的方向发展。为更好地应对全球性挑战，应改善全球治理，建立健全相应的机制和规则。二十国集团机制是加强全球治理的独特平台。同时，要继续改革国际货币基金组织和世界银行等机构，加强国际合作。

Global efforts are needed to address the challenges of globalization. It is necessary to make globalization more universally beneficial, coordinated and balanced. Global governance, with corresponding rules, regulations and mechanisms that can rise to global challenges, needs to be improved. The establishment of the G20 provided a unique platform for enhanced global governance. The reforms of the IMF and World Bank are also necessary steps to improve international cooperation.

自1978年实行改革开放政策以来，中国积极参与国际分工与合作，积极引进外资、先进技术和管理经验，促进了产业升级和优化经济结构。30多年来中国的经济发展，从根本上讲靠的是改革开放，当然也得益于抓住了经济全球化带来的机遇。

Since the policy of reform and opening up was adopted in 1978, China has actively participated in international division of labor and cooperation, attracted foreign capital, advanced technology and management expertise, upgraded industrial structure and improved economic pattern. China's economic development over the past 30 years and more is, in essence, attributable to reform and opening up; but at the same time, it has also benefited from the opportunities presented by economic globalization.

中国在发展自己的同时，积极地促进世界经济的发展。现在，中国经济日益成为世界经济增长的重要引擎。据预测，2010年中国对世界经济增长的贡献率将超过30%。在应对国际金融危机的过程中，中国率先实现经济回升向好，为推动世界经济尽快企稳复苏发挥了重要作用。

While we pursue our own development in China, we are also making contributions to the growth of the world economy. The Chinese economy has increasingly become an important engine for world economic growth. It is estimated that China will account for more than 30% of world economic growth in 2010. In the wake of the international financial crisis, China was one of the first to recover and has played an important role in promoting an early world economic recovery.

随着中国经济日益融入世界经济，中国经济也面临全球化带来的越来越多的风险与挑战。国际金融市场的波动，使中国不少企业和个人手中的资产大幅缩水。国际能源、粮食价格的起落，也直接影响到中国人的生活。中国经济总量虽居世界前列，但人均国内生产总值只有3700美元，不到美国人均国内生产总值的十分之一，排在世界第100位以后。中国每年城市需要就业人口达2400万。中国在前进道路上还面临经济结构不合理、科技创新能力不强、资源环境约束强化、城乡区域发展不平衡、经济社会发展不协调等问题和挑战。这些问题和挑战在全球化的背景下正变得越来越突出。

As China's economy is more integrated with the world economy, it is also exposed to more risks and challenges associated with globalization. Due to the fluctuations of the international financial market, many Chinese companies and individuals have seen the value of their assets drop significantly. The rise and fall of international energy and food prices also directly affect the life of the Chinese people. Although China's GDP is one of the biggest in the world, its per capita GDP is only 3,700 dollars, less than 10% of the per capital GDP in the US and ranking behind 100 other countries. Every year, 24 million people need jobs in Chinese cities. We still face such challenges as irrational economic structure, weak scientific innovation, worsening environmental and resource constraints, uneven development between urban and rural areas

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