1、中文：他理发了。
(误)He had his hair to be cut.
(正)He had his hair cut.(have，get+宾语+过去分词表示使…被。)
2、中文：他喜欢喝凉开水。
(误)He likes to drink boiling water.
(正)He likes to drink boiled water.(现在分词表示主动，boiling water指正在沸腾的水;过去分词表示完成，boiled water指沸腾过的水。)
3、中文：由于做饭，他看上去累了。
(误)He looked tiring with cooking.
(正)He looked tired with cooking.(tiring表示令人疲倦的，tired表示人被弄疲倦了。)
4、中文：我不能让别人明白我的意思。
(误)I couldn't make myself understand.
(正)I couldn't make myself understood.(过去分词表示被动，make myself understood表示使我被别人明白。)
5、中文：昨天早上我上学时见到了我的一个朋友。
(误)I was walking to school yesterday morning，I met a friend of mine.
(正)Walking to school yesterday morning，I met a friend of mine.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词，后一句分词构句表时间。)
6、中文：假期结束了，约翰返回了学校。
(误)The vacation was over，John returned to school.
(正)The vacation being over，John returned to school.(前一句如作时间从句缺连词，后一句独立分词构句表时间。)
7、中文：戴帽子的工人躺在地上。
(误)The workman worn a hat is lying on the ground.
(正)The workman wearing a hat is lying on the ground.(带帽子是主动行动，要用现在分词wearing a hat表示。)
8、中文：小女孩站在那里哭了。
(误)The little girl stood there cried.
(正)The little girl stood there crying.(哭是主语the little girl发出的行动，要用现在分词crying表示。)
9、中文：天气好，我们今天要去郊游。
(误)Being fine， we'll go outing today.
(正)It being fine， we'll go outing today.(前一句错在分词构句所表示的动作不是主句的主语发出的;后一句加上表示气候的It作逻辑主语，构成独立分词构句表原因。)
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(误)Here is a so big stone that no one can lift it.
(正)Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(so是副词，修饰形容词，形式是so+形容词+a+单数可数名词。)
2、中文：这花多美啊!
(误)What beautiful the flower is!
(正)How beautiful the flower is!(how用来修饰副词或形容词，而what用来修饰名词。)
3、中文：这工作永远不会被完成。
(误)This job will be never finished.
(正)This job will never be finished.(频率副词在第一个助动词后。)
4、中文：我的弟弟比我高多了。
(误)My brother is very taller than I.
(正)My brother is much taller than I.(very不能修饰比较级;much可以修饰比较级。)
5、中文：我想我七点会在餐厅里见到她。
(误)I think I'll meet her at 7：00 at the restaurant.
(正)I think I'll meet her at the restaurant at 7：00.(地方副词在时间副词前。)
6、中文：这房间对你够大的。
(误)This room is enough large for you.
(正)This room is large enough for you.(enough作副词，在被修饰的形容词后。)
7、中文：我也不能做它。
(误)I cannot do it too.
(正)I cannot do it either.(either用于否定句;too用于肯定句。)
8、中文：他每天早起。
(误)He gets up early everyday.
(正)He gets up early every day.(every day是时间副词;everyday是形容词。)
9、中文：我要下楼去。
(误)I'm going to downstairs.
(正)I'm going downstairs.(downstairs是副词，前面不加介词。)
10、中文：你的故事很有趣。
(误)Your story is the most interesting.
(正)Your story is most interesting.(most不用于比较，而用作加强语气，不加the.)
11、中文：我两年前见过他。
(误)I met him two years before.
(正)I met him two years ago.(表示一段时间以前，ago用于一般过去时;before用于过去完成时。)
12、中文：他们昨天晚上回来得晚。
(误)They came back lately last night.
(正)They came back late last night.(lately(最近)，late(晚，迟)，都是副词。)
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(误)So as to be in time we hurried.
(正)In order to be in time we hurried.(so as to只可放在句中，in order to可放在句首或句中。)
2、中文：你说这些话真傻。
(误)It's very foolish for you to say so.
(正)It's very foolish of you to say so.(表示评价的形容词被带逻辑主语的不定式修饰时，介词要用of.)
3、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?
(误)Didn't you ask them to never do that?
(正)Didn't you ask them never to do that?(never要放在to之前。)
4、中文：你没有告诉他们永远不要做那件事吗?
(误)Here is a new book for you to read it.
(正)Here is a new book for you to read.(作形容词用法的带逻辑主语的不定式for you to read的宾语，实际上就是它所修饰的new book，其后不可再加宾语。)
5、中文：他够年龄，可以上学了。
(误)He is old enough so that he can go to school.
(正)He is old enough to go to school.(形容词+enough+不定式表示足够…而可。)
6、中文：他太好了，寄给我许多书。
(误)He was so good to send me a lot of books.
(正)He was so good as to send me a lot of books.(so……as to表示如此…以致。)
7、中文：你最好不要在下雨天出去。
(误)You had better not to go out in the rain.
(正)You had better not go out in the rain.(had better(not)后接原形不定式。)
8、中文：你喜欢听别人谈话吗?
(误)Do you like listening to others to talk?
(正)Do you like listening to others talk?(感官动词或使役动词的宾语补语用原形不定式。)
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(误)I am used to get up early.
(正)I am used to getting up early.(get，become或be used to中的to是介词，后接动名词。)
2、中文：他过去常常在星期天来约我。
(误)He used to calling on me on Sundays.
(正)He used to call on me on Sundays.(used to+原形动词，表示过去常常。)
3、中文：A：我必须去吗?B：不，你不必了。
(误)A： Must I go? B： No，you mustn't.
(正)A： Must I go? B： No，you needn't.(mustn't表示不许，needn't表示不必，以MUST开始的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn't.)
4、中文：我今天下午想和你一起去游泳。
(误)I will like to go swimming with you this afternoon.
(正)I would like to go swimming with you this afternoon.(would like是习惯搭配，后接不定式，表示愿意做某事。)
5、中文：他前天可能说这些吗?
(误)Must he have said so the day before yesterday?(MUST用于推测时表示一定，准是，只用于肯定句。)
(正)Can he have said so the day before yesterday?(CAN用于怀疑，推测时表示可能，用于疑问句和否定句。)
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(误)I shouldn't do that if I was you.
(正)I shouldn't do that if I were you.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气不能用was，只能用were.)
2、中文：要是我父亲现在在这里，他会告诉我该做什么。
(误)If my father were here now，he will tell me what to do.
(正)If my father were here now，he would tell me what to do.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句的助动词只能用would，might等过去时。)
3、中文：要是我知道她的电话号码，我就会给她打电话了。
(误)If I knew her telephone number，I would have called her.
(正)If I had known her telephone number，I would have called her.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词要用过去完成时。)
4、中文：要是昨天没下雨她也许会来。
(误)If it had not rained yesterday，he might come.
(正)If it had not rained yesterday，he might have come.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，主句的动词要用助动词的过去时might，could等+HAVE+过去分词。)
5、中文：我不认为我会失败，但要是我失败了，我会再努力。
(误)I don't think that I shall fail. But if I failed，I would try again.
(正)I don't think that I shall fail. But if I should fail，I would try again.(表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词用should加原形动词。)
6、中文：他要是带了钱就会买它。
(误)Did he bring some money with him，he would have bought it.
(正)Had he brought some money with him，he would have bought it.(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词要用过去完成时，若省略if，则用倒装形式。)
7、中文：她要是个男人可能会当选总统。
(误)Be she a man，she might be elected president.
(正)Were she a man，she might be elected president.(表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，不能用was，只能用were;若省略if，则将were放在句首。)
8、中文：我提议提高教师的薪资。
(误)I suggested that the teachers' wages could be increased.
(正)I suggested that the teachers' wages should be increased.(suggest当建议讲时，后面的名词从句的主要动词要用should加原形动词，should可以省略。)
9、中文：他这么做是重要的。
(误)It is important that he will do it.
(正)It is important that he do it.(It is important+that引导的名词从句的动词要用should加原形动词，should可以省略。)
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(误)They have married for two years.
(正)They have been married for two years.(表示已婚状态的持续，要用完成时的被动式。)
2、中文：他被所有学生嘲笑。
(误)He was laughed by all the pupils.
(正)He was laughed at by all the pupils.(不及物动词+介词=及物动词，变被动语态时介词不能省略。)
3、中文：英语难学。
(误)English is difficult to be learned.
(正)English is difficult to learn.(英语难学=学英语难，也可说It's difficult to learn English.原句的主语实际上是不定式的逻辑宾语，不定式要用主动形式。)
4、中文：汤姆问我这些岛屿是否属于美国。
(误)Tom asked me if these islands are belonged to America.
(正)Tom asked me if these islands belonged to America.
5、中文：中国发生了很大变化。
(误)Great changes have been taken place in China.
(正)Great changes have taken place in China.
6、中文：战争于一九三七年爆发。
(误)The war was broken out in 1937.
(正)The war broke out in 1937.(take place，break out，happen，belong to等不及物动词或短语动词没有被动语态形式。)
7、中文：我看不清黑板。也许你需要检查你的眼睛。
(误)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to examine your eyes.
(正)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to have your eyes examined.(表示使某物被别人…，通常使用have或get+物+过去分词表示。)
8、中文：他命令马上开始工作。
(误)He ordered the work to start at once.
(正)He ordered the work to be started at once.(不定式作宾语补语时，若与宾语是被动关系，要用不定式的被动形式。)
9、中文：他试图不介入政治。
(误)He tried not to have mixed up in politics.
(正)He tried not to get mixed up in politics.(get作系动词，可代替be，后接过去分词表示被动，have无此功能。)
10、中文：据说他很富有。
(误)They say him to have been rich.
(正)He is said to have been rich.(say后不可接不定式，但它的被动语态后可接不定式。)
11、中文：那人被认为是个傻子。
(误)The man thought to be a fool.
(正)The man was thought to be a fool.(主语是动作的承受者而不是发出者，用被动语态。)
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(误)Have you done homework?
(正)Have you done your homework?(表示做功课用do one's homework.)
2、中文：那些是我们老师的一些书。
(误)Those are some books of our teacher.
(正)Those are some books of our teacher's.(应用双重所有格形式。)
3、中文：这是我弟弟约翰的书。
(误)This is my brother John book.
(正)This is my brother John's book.(John是brother的同位语，John的书用John's book.)
4、中文：警察抓住了他的胳膊。
(误)The policemen caught him by his arm.
(正)The policemen caught him by the arm.(抓住身上某个部位用the，不用代词的所有格。)
5、中文：一个十岁的孩子
(误)a ten years old child
(误)a child of ten year old
(误)a ten year old child
(误)a ten-years-old child
(正)a ten-year-old child
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