公共管理硕士

Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when the necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our country, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can attend schools. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an "important" job.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be "responsible". This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers' salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in years past. These increases have come about because people have realized that without enough salaries, people who have abilities will not become teachers. Today almost no one says that "anybody will do" for a teacher. The public expects "quality people" to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.

1. Before the job of teaching came into being, __ .

A. family members had been responsible for the education of the young

B. specialists had been in charge of teaching young people

C. young people had had to be self-educated

D. the society had played an important role in educating young people

参考答案：A

2. The job of teaching came into being mainly because of __ .

A. the development of the society

B. the explosion of information

C. The need for specialists

D. the civilization of human beings

参考答案：C

3. Teachers' salaries are raised today in order to __ .

A. show the importance of teaching as a job

B. attract more qualified people to become teachers

C. make teachers "responsible" in their teaching

D. improve the quality of public teaching

参考答案：B

4. "Anybody will do" for a teacher means that __ .

A. almost all people want to become a teacher

B. a teacher is so highly respected that people all want to help him

C. a teacher will do whatever he can for his students

D. the job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it

参考答案：D

5. We know from the passage that __ .

A. it is important to be successful in teaching the young

B. enough salaries are necessary in making quality people become teachers

C. greater progress has to be made in teaching

D. teaching is a product of the society's division of labor

参考答案：B

After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep is necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the activities of the previous day. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day.

There are four levels of sleep, each being a little deeper than the one before. As you sleep, your muscles relax little by little. Your heart beats more slowly, and your brain slows down. After you reach the fourth level, your body shifts back and forth from one level of sleep to the other.

Although your mind slows down, from time to time you will dream. Scientists who study sleep state that when dreaming occurs, your eyeballs begin to move more quickly (although your eyelids are closed). This stage of sleep is called REM, which stands for rapid eye movement

If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. Other people believe that drinking warm milk will help make you drowsy. There is also an old suggestion that counting sheep will put you to sleep!

1. A good title for this passage is ___.

A. Sleep

C. Dreams

B. Good Health

D. Work and Rest

参考答案：A

2. The word drowsy in the last paragraph means ___.

A. sick

C. asleep

B. stand up

D. a little sleepy

参考答案：D

3. This passage suggests that not getting enough sleep might make you ___.

A. dream more often

C. nervous

B. have poor health

D. breathe quickly

参考答案：B

4. During REM, ___.

A. your eyes move quickly

C. you are restless

B. you dream

D. both A and B

参考答案：D

5. The average number of hours of sleep that an adult needs is ___.

A. approximately six hours

C. about eight hours

B. around ten hours

D. not stated here

参考答案：D

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