PETS

三、独白材料的命题思路与解题技巧

（一）命题思路

该段录音材料为独白材料，就是有一位录音者单独阅读一段文章。文章长度一般控制在150-250字之间。由于是PETS二级，因此材料本身一般难度不会很大。关键还是考生能不能在第一次听后能否对材料有个大概的理解。如果可以的话，则第二次就能有的放矢。在该段材料的题目设计中大都是特殊疑问句。题目多关于材料的细节、情节和主题等。有时也要求考生对材料所给予的线索做出推断。录音材料一般以叙事文为主，素材广泛。

（二）解题技巧

在解答这类题目时，应在听录音前，考生一定要浏览全部题目，对题目主题，题目提问内容和答题选项区别，做到心中有数。在第一次听录音中，要把握开头，善于抓住关键信息词，边听边看题目选项，做适当记录。在第二次听录音中，注意过渡词与一些特殊语气词，推断出文章主题和一些总结和结论。

经典例题：

Helen was about to have her first baby. One evening it was the time to take her to the hospital, so her husband, Sam, helped her get into the car and drove her there. A nurse took Helen to her room and told Sam that he could go home and she would call him when the baby arrived, but Sam said he would rather wait at the hospital. The nurse smiled and said, “There’s a waiting room at the end of the hall.”

Sam was walking anxiously up and down in the passage at about midnight when the nurse came out of his wife’s room and said, with a happy smile, “Which would you have preferred, a boy or a girl?

“A girl,” answered the husband. “I have an older sister, and she was always very kind to me when I was a child.”

“Well,” said the nurse, “It’s a boy this time.”

“That’s all right,” answered Sam cheerfully, “That was my second choice ”

1. When did Sam arrive at hospital?

[A] In the evening [B] At about midnight [C] Next morning

2.Where could Sam stay to wait for the arrival of the baby, according to the nurse?

[A] At his home [B] In his car [C] In the hospital

3.Why did Sam prefer a girl?

[A] He already had a son. [B] He wanted his daughter to have a sister.

[C] He had a sister who cared for him very much.

4.What can you tell about Sam?

[A] He had no choice but to accept the boy. [B] That was his second child.

[C] He was very happy to have a boy as well.

名师精解：题目的第1、2题都是细节题目。在独白材料中，都有明确的提示。题目的第1题考查在录音材料中的 “One evening it was the time to take her to the hospital” 这一句话上。one evening就是答案，因此答案为[A]。分析选择项，我们就可以发现答案[B]的存在是有很大迷惑作用的。题目第2题的设问陈述中突出一个词汇为could,同时在材料中也有明确的表述：A nurse took Helen to her room and told Sam that he could go home and she would call him when the baby arrived。因此题目的答案也就可知[A]。题目3，虽然材料中有提示，但还需考生，在理解的基础上才能得出正确答案，答案为[C]。题目4，就需要考生在关注全篇材料。通过听，去除答案[A][B]的错误，选择[C]。使的考生证章并能从That was my second choice中明白Sam 也高兴有个男孩.

经典例题：

Two drivers who wanted to park their cars in the same parking space. The man who arrived at the parking space first was rather old with gray hair. He was driving a large Rolls Royce. The beautiful car stopped just in front of the parking space. Then the driver turned his head and very slowly began to reverse his car into the space.

A young man in a Mini came up from behind. He noticed the space and drove straight in. He had got out of his car now and he was laughing, “You have to be young to do that!”

The older man said nothing. He just began to reverse his Rolls Royce again and crashed into the Mini very hard. The young man watched what was happening and couldn't believe his eyes. The older driver looked out of the window and smiled. “You have to be rich to do that,” he said.

1. What do you know about the two drivers?

[A] The younger driver was quicker than the older driver.

[B] They didn’t see each other while getting into the same parking space.

[C] Neither of them was good at driving.

2. Which of the following statements about the young driver can NOT be true?

[A] He hadn’t expected the older driver to react so strongly.

[B] He was shocked to see what had become of his car.

[C] He had got ready for his defeat when he drove his Mini straight in.

3. What did the older driver mean when he said: “You have to be rich to do that”?

[A] You are not rich enough to buy a Rolls Royce like mine.

[B] You are not rich enough to park your car here.

[C] Only rich people dare to do such things.

名师精解：这段独白材料讲述了一个争抢车位的幽默故事。考生在理解上应该不存在任何的困难。第一道题目问：从独白中，我们能知道关于这两个司机的什么信息？听力材料中反复强调“the older man”和“rather old with gray hair”正确答案为[A]。第二道题目是一文篇理解题目。考生在理解了这则幽默故事的内容后，选择出答案[C]当年轻司机直接将自己的车开进车位，不会想到自己会输掉。第三道题目从年轻司机与老司机的对话中就能理解句子的含义：有了经济实力的年老人才敢这样撞掉你的车。答案所以为[C]。

第二节 英语基础知识运用

该部分由第一、二两节组成。本部分的设计初衷在于：考查考生能否掌握英语的基础语法，运用英语单词词汇知识，以英语思维方式理解简单事实性信息和用简单英语表达方式进行表达的能力。本部分全为单项选择题，考生应从每题的（A、B、C、D）四个选项中选出最符合本题提问或最佳答案。

第一节：共15题。分别为15道涉及英语基础语法知识、词汇衍变、词汇搭配和英语基本简单句型等的单项选择题。这一类型的题目往往是通过在句子中或两者对话中，留出空白，再要求考生从英语语言语法的角度或句子的意思表达角度和语言表达习惯等方面进行补充，使之成为符合一定场景和简单表达事实性信息的完整内容。一般，做这15道单项题目的参考时间约为8-10分钟之间。

第二节：共20题。他们属于一段字数在180-210之间的短文材料。在这段材料中，给考生留出了20个可供选择的空白项。因此，设计本题型的要求就在于让考生从整个篇章结构的基础上，掌握材料所表达的信息，运用英语语言词汇知识，从每题所给四个选择项中选出最佳答案。最终，将词汇和语法的检查放入到具体的语言运用环境中，考查语言的实际运用。一般，做这20道题目的参考时间约为15-17分钟之内。

英语基础知识运用部分在整个考试中所占的比重为20%。它考查了考生的英语基础知识是否扎实，体现了考生英语表达和运用能力。但我们建议在考试中，考生可先将答案写在试卷题目旁，再集中将答案转涂到答题卡1上。这样做有利于避免考试时间的浪费和题目次序混乱所造成的损失。一般，完成这部分考试内容约为25分钟（含转涂答案时间）。

一、命题规律与高分对策

（一）命题规律

在平时的各类考试中，我们习惯称15个句子（或对话）和1篇20个选择项的阅读材料为：单项填空和完形填空。为了更好的讲解他们的规律，下面我们就以这样的名称对这两者的命题规律分别进行阐述：

（责任编辑：）

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