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2015中国交通银行校园招聘英语试题8

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阅读理解

Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltests,whicharewidelyusedtoaidinselecting,assigningorpromotingstudents,employeesandmilitarypersonnel,havebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks,magazines,thedailypress,andeveninCongress.Thetargetiswrong,for,inattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlieswithill-informedorincompetentusers.Theteststhemselvesaremerelytools.Whethertheresultswillbevaluable,meaningless,orevenmisleadingdependspartlyuponthetoolitselfbutlargelyupontheuser.

Allinformedpredictionsoffutureperformancearebaseduponsomeknowledgeofrelevantpastperformance.Howwellthepredictionswillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamount,reliabilityandappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.Anyonewhokeepscarefulscoreknowsthattheinformationavailableisalwaysincompleteandthatthepredictionsarealwayssubjecttoerror.

Standardizedtestsshouldbeconsideredinthiscontext:theyprovideaquick,objectivemethodofgettingsomekindofinformationaboutwhatapersonhaslearned,theskillshehasdeveloped,orthekindofpersonheis.Theinformationsoobtainedhas,qualitatively,thesameadvantagesandshortcomingsasotherkindsofinformation.Whethertousetests,otherkindsofinformation,orbothinaparticularsituationdepends,therefore,upontheempiricalevidenceconcerningcomparativevalidityanduponsuchfactorsascostandavailability.

Ingeneral,thetestsworkmosteffectivelywhenthetraitsorqualitiestobemeasuredcanbemostpreciselydefined(forexample,abilitytodowellinaparticularcourseoftrainingprogram)andleasteffectivelywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredictedcannotbewelldefined,forexample,personalityorcreativity.Properlyused,theyprovidearapidmeansofgettingcomparableinformationaboutmanypeople.Sometimestheyidentifystudentswhosehighpotentialhasnotbeenpreviouslyrecognized.

1.Inthispassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith_________.

A.thenecessityofstandardizedtests

B.thevalidityofstandardizedtests

C.themethodusedininterpretingtheresultsofstandardizedtests.

D.thetheoreticalgroundsofstandardizedtests.

2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.

A.standardizedtestsshouldnolongerbeused.

B.resultsofstandardizedtestsaccuratelyreflecttheabilitiesofthetestees

C.thevalueofstandardizedtestsliesintheirproperinterpretation

D.specialmethodsmustbeappliedtotheresultofstandardizedtests.

3.Theword“empirical”(Line6,Para.3)mostprobablymeans“___________”

A.theoretical

B.critical

C.indisputable

D.experiential

4.Accordingtothepassage,standardizedtestsworkworkmosteffectivelywhen____________.

A.theuserknowshowtointerprettheresultsinadvance.

B.theobjectivesaremostclearlydefined.

C.thepersonswhotakethetestareintelligentorskillful.

D.theymeasurethetraitsorqualitiesofthetests

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardstandardizedtestscouldbedescribedas_______.

A.positive

B.critical

C.prejudiced

D.indifferent.

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