学位英语

第2部分：阅读判断(第16-22题，每题l分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断;如果该句提 供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信 息文中没有提及，请选择C。

A New Start

After Christmas comes the anti-Christmas. If the festive season isall about filing up on the things you like that are bad for you, thenthe new year is the "detox season" -- when people

across the westem world adopt special dietsto lose weight and get rid of the vague feeling that they have spent the last few weekspoisoning themselves.

But are detox diets really necessary? After all, the body itselfgets rid of unwanted substances. That's what the liver andkidney are for.

"The detox fad -- or fads, as there are many methods -- is anexample of the capacity of people to believe in and pay for magicdespite the lack of any sound evidence. " says Martin Wiseman, professor of human nutrition atthe University of Southampton in the UK.

Most of the pills, juices, teas and oils that are sold for theirdetoxifying effects on the body have no scientific foundation for theirclaims, according to the research. People would be better off having a glass of water and going tobed early.

Detox diets may be magic rather science, but they are the kind ofmagic which many people want to perform. That may havesomething to do with the western diet in general.

Scientists and dieticians argue that the benefits people feel arenot due to their body getting rid of excessive toxins but are due tochanging from what is likely to have been a "poor" diet.

Having fewer headaches, for example, is probably the result of beingfully hydrated due to drinking so much water and better skin maybe due to eating more fruit and vegetables.

Detox diets may also be dangerous, as they may deprive vulnerablegroups -- pregnant women, for instance, or growing teenagers—of the kind of nutrients they need.

Yet their popularity continues to rise. This may be something to dowith the way that food works within many western cultures.Generally, a country's food develops along with its economy and society. Foodbecomes part of a person's cultural identity.

In some countries,this link has been broken.In theUK,for example,rapid industrialization in the 18th and 19thcenturies saw millions of people move from the countryside to the townsinterrupting the development of a national cuisine. The United States, acountry of immigrants from many different places, has found it hard to developa national cuisine. In both places, comparatively few people cook forthemselves and food supply is dominated by big processing and agribusinesscompanies.

Detox diets are more popular in these countries than in places likeFrance and Italy, where strong links between food and national culture remain,and where far more people regularly cook for themselves instead of buyingprocessed foods.

Perhaps detox diets are successful because many westerners have losttrust in what they eat.On the other hand, they may help re-introduce people tothe kind of food that is necessary for a healthy diet. And after learning that,they won't poison themselves in the first place.

This would mean radical changes in the way that people eat acrossthe west. And that would be an unwelcome development for the food industry.From the business point of view, it is much better to: sell people the problemand then sell them the solution.

16. Detox begins after Christmas whenpeople think that they have been overeating during the Christmas season and have taken inmany substances that are bad for their health.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. Many pregnant women and growingteenagers are suffering from mal-nutrition because of the detox diets theytake.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. Both the UK and the USA lack a nationalcuisine as a result of similar historical development.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. The French and the Italians cook forthemselves more often than the British and the Americans, which helps them tokeep the link between food and their culture.

A.Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. On the whole the eastern people likethe Chinese and the Japanese have a stronger link between their food and their culturethan the western people.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. A positive effect of detox diets isthat it helps people to see what foods are good for their health.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. Food industry would make even greaterprofits if people should all start to eat healthy foods and stop poisoningthemselves.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

参考答案：

16.【答案】A

【题干】圣诞节后解毒季就开始了，那是人们认为在节日期间大吃大喝，吸收了很多对健康有害的物质。

【解析】由专有名词回到原文定位到第一段，该段的大意与题干一致：圣诞节大吃大喝，新年一开始人们就开始设法减肥，“解毒季”(detox—season)开始，此处detox的反义词是文章第一段的末句poison。

17.【答案】B

【题干】很多孕妇和成长中的青少年遭受这营养不良的痛苦，因为他们食用了解毒饮食。

【解析】文章里讲到解毒饮食甚至有免险，有可能使孕妇和正在长身体的青少年营养不良。不过这个情况并没有真正发生。

18.【答案】B

【题干】由于有相似的历史发展，英国和美国都缺乏国家性典型的饮食。

【解析】由UK和USA回到原文定位，倒数第四段同时出现了两个专有名词。题干(英文)的前半句是对的，英美两国都缺乏典型的饮食;但后半句话不对，造成这种情况的原因两国不同，英国是工业化(industrialization)的结果，美国则是移民国家(immigrant)的结果。

19.【答案】A

【题干】比起英国人和美国人来，法国人和意大利人自己做饭的时候比较多，这有利于他们保持文化与饮食之间的联系。

【解析】通过国家名称回到原文定位，文章倒数第三、四段有回现。美国人和英国人很少自己做饭，而法国人和意大利人更为规律地(regularly)自己烹饪。由此保持饮食与文化之间的联系。故题干描述是正确的。

20.【答案】C

【题干】从整体上来讲，中国和日本之类的东方民族比起西方民族来，在饮食和文化之间保持的联系更强。

【解析】全文没有提及easternpeople，故本题选C。

21.【答案】A

【题干】解毒饮食的积极效应是帮助人们找到什么食物对自己的健康有利。

【解析】答题依据在倒数第二段。解毒饮食容易受到西方人的追捧，因为他们对自己吃的东西已经失去信心。但反过来说，解毒饮食可能有助于重新让人们了解健康饮食所必备的食物。

22.【答案】B

【题干】如果人们都开始食用健康食物，停止毒害自己，食品工业会获利更多。

【解析】答题依据在最后一段里。食品工业并不希望人们都吃健康食品，因为先把有问题的不健康的食品卖给大家吃，然后再把解决问题的饮食方式推销给大家，食品工业可以两边都盈利。

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