学位英语

概括大意|||下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Transport and Trade

1Transport is one of the aids to trade.by moving goods from places where they are plentiful toplaces where they are scarce, transport adds to their value. The more easily goods can be broughtover the distance that separates producer and consumer, the better for trade. When there were norailways, no good roads, no canals, and only small sailing ships, trade was on asmall scale.

2The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were accompanied byabig increase in trade. bigger and faster ships enabled atrade in meat to develop between britainand New Zealand, for instance. Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big busi-ness, drawing supplies from, and selling goods to, all parts of the globe. big factories could not ex-ist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes. bigcity stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs andgoods were delivered to their homes. big cities could not survive unless food could be brought fromadistance.

3Transport also prevents waste. Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it couldnot B.e taken quickly to inland towns. Transport has given us amuch greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally. Foods which at one time could be obtained only during apart of the year can now be obtained all through the year. Transport hasraised the standard of living.

4by moving fuel, raw materials, and even power, for example, through electriccables, transporthas led to the estaB.lishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossi-ble before. Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better andmore cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another. The cheaper and quickertransport becomes,the longer the distance over which goods can profitably be carried. Countrieswith poor transport have alower standard of living.

5Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messagesand information. Means of communication, like telephones, cables and radio, send informationabout prices, supplies, and changing conditions in different parts of the worlD. In this way, ad-vanced communication systems also help to develop trade.

Paragraph 2__________

A.Higher Living Standard

B.Importance of Transport in Trade

C.Various Means of Transport

D.birth of Transport-related Industries and Trade

E.Role of Information in Trade

F.PublicTransportation

参考答案：B

参考解析：第二段首句说的是“在过去的两百年中，交通的大发展伴随着贸易的大增长”，点明了交通和贸易的关系，且例句中提到“大型的快速船只(交通方式)促进英国和新西兰之间进行肉类食品的贸易发展”，也表明了“交通对贸易的影响”，而段落最后一句说“没有从遥远的地方带来的食物，大城市就不能生存下去”，因此可以判断该段讲述的是“交通对贸易的影响”。

Paragraph 3__________

A.Higher Living Standard

B.Importance of Transport in Trade

C.Various Means of Transport

D.birth of Transport-related Industries and Trade

E.Role of Information in Trade

F.PublicTransportation

参考答案：A

参考解析：第三段第三句说的是“交通给我们提供了比以前更多种多样的食物和商品”，且本段的最后一句是说“交通提高了我们的生活水平”，“更多种多样的食物和商品”与“生活水平”相关，因此判断A是答案。

Paragraph 4__________

A.Higher Living Standard

B.Importance of Transport in Trade

C.Various Means of Transport

D.birth of Transport-related Industries and Trade

E.Role of Information in Trade

F.PublicTransportation

参考答案：D

参考解析：由第四段第一句话中“…transport has led to the establishment of industries and tradein areas where they would have been impossible before.”可知，交通促使工业和贸易建立起来，因此判断D是答案。

Paragraph 5__________

A.Higher Living Standard

B.Importance of Transport in Trade

C.Various Means of Transport

D.birth of Transport-related Industries and Trade

E.Role of Information in Trade

F.PublicTransportation

参考答案：E

参考解析：由第五段中“Means of communication…send information…advanced communicationsystems also help to develop trade.”可知。本段主要讲述的是信息在贸易中的作用。

The development of modern means of transport__________

A.to send goods to various parts of the world

B.at any time during the year

C.has greatly promoted trade

D.is it possible to produce on alarge scale

E.the transport of goods

F.it is possible to produce on alarge scale

参考答案：C

参考解析：空格后需要谓语结构，从搭配、含义和语法结构上看C项合适。该句含义是：现代通讯方式的发展已经大大地促进了贸易的发展。

Only when goods can be carried to all parts of the world quickly __________

A.to send goods to various parts of the world

B.at any time during the year

C.has greatly promoted trade

D.is it possible to produce on alarge scale

E.the transport of goods

F.it is possible to produce on alarge scale

参考答案：D

参考解析：Only引导的状语从句结构放在句首时，句子需要倒装，因此D项合适。该句的含义是“只有当商品能被很快地运往世界各地时，大规模的生产才有可能进行”。

Transport has made it possiB.le for people to eat whatever food they want__________

A.to send goods to various parts of the world

B.at any time during the year

C.has greatly promoted trade

D.is it possible to produce on alarge scale

E.the transport of goods

F.it is possible to produce on alarge scale

参考答案：B

参考解析：由文章第三段倒数第二句话“Foods which at one time could be obtained only during apart of year can now be obtained all through the year.”可知，运榆使得人们可以在一年的任何时候吃上他们想吃的任何食物。

In the trade of modern society the transmission of information plays as important __________arole as

A.to send goods to various parts of the world

B.at any time during the year

C.has greatly promoted trade

D.is it possible to produce on alarge scale

E.the transport of goods

F.it is possible to produce on alarge scale

参考答案：E

参考解析：由文章第五段第一句话“Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and peoplebut also the carrying of messages and information.”可知，在现代社会的贸易中，信息的传榆和食物的运输同样重要。

                           

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