学位英语

supermarket

supermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines, that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. as a method, supermarket retailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. the supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, ____(1)____.

the term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. most supermarkets emphasize price. some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. since supermarkets typically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital.

supermarkets originates in the early 1930s. they were established by independents ____(2)____. supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. in recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins.

today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. however, different names are used to distinguish these institutions ____(3)____:

a superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. it offers more grocery and nonfood items ____(4)____. many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction.

combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. they, too, offer more groceries and nonfoods than a supermarket but also most product lines found in a large drugstore. some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as kroger and sav-on.

for many years the supermarket has been under attack from numerous competitors. for example, a grocery shopper can choose among not only many brands of supermarkets but also various types of institutions (warehouse stores, gourmet shops, meat and fish markets, and convenience stores). supermarkets have reacted to competitive pressures ____(5)____: some cut costs and stressed low prices by offering more private brands and generic products and few customer services. others expanded their store size and assortments by adding more nonfood lines (especially products found in drugstores), groceries attuned to a particular market area (foods that appeal to a specific ethnic group, for example), and various service departments (including video rentals, restaurants, delicatessens, financial institutions, and pharmacies).

Aby size and assortment

B than a conventional supermarket does

C including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceries

D attracting more customers with their low prices

Eprimarily in either of two ways

F to compete with grocery chains

针对2014年职称英语考试备考，总有另考生束手无策的疑难问题。例如，对于想参加2014年职称英语考试的新考生来说，2014年职称英语报名条件、职称英语考试科目等考试信息，你是否想详细咨询一下？如果你有意向参加中大网校职称英语考试培训，职称英语辅导班次优惠方案你是否想了解一下？在听课过程中，如果你对某一个知识点有疑问等，诸如此类的问题和疑惑，你都可以通过职称英语考试你问我答平台，发起你的疑问，届时，中大网校职称英语培训顾问及资深命题专家将在第一时间解答你的疑问。中大网校考试知道，总有人知道你问题的答案，详情请查看>>