学位英语

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。每道题后面有4个选项，请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

Valuing Childhood

The value of childhood is easily blurred ( 变得模糊不清) in today's world. Consider some recent developments. The child, murderers in the Jonesboro schoolyard shooting case were convicted and sentenced. Two boys, 7 and 8, were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl in Chicago.

Children who commit horrible crimes appear to act of their own will. Yet, as legal proceedings in Jonesboro showed, the one boy who was able to address the court couldn't begin to explain his acts, though he tried to apologize. There may have been a motive youthful jealousy (妒忌) and resentment. But a deeper question remains: Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack any inner, moral restraint?

That question echoes for the accused in Chicago, young as they are. They wanted the girl's bicycle, a selfish impulse common enough among kids.

Redemption (拯救) is a practical necessity. How can value be restored to young lives distorted by acts of violence? The boys in Jonesboro and in Chicago will be confined in institutions for a relatively short time. Despite horror at what was done, children are not -- cannot be--dealt with as adults, not if a people wants to consider itself civilized. That's why politicians' cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss the point.

But the moral void (真空) that invites violence has many sources. Family instability contributes, so does economic stress. That void, however, can be filled. The work starts with parents, who have to ask themselves whether they're doing enough to give their children a firm sense of right and wrong. Are they really monitoring their activities and their developing processes of thought?

Schools, too, have a role in building character. So do youth organizations. So do youth enforcement agencies, which can do more to inform the young about laws, their meaning, and their observance (遵守).

The goal, ultimately, is to allow all children a normal passage from childhood to adulthood (成年) , so that tragic gaps in moral judgement are less likely to occur. The relative few who fill such gaps with acts of violence hint at many others who don't go that far, but who lack the moral foundations childhood should provide-and which progressive human society relies on.

31. The two boys in Chicago were____

A. shot.

B. murdered.

C. accused.

D. sentenced.

32. The boys in Jonesboro and Chicago apparently lacked a sense of____

A. right and wrong

B, discipline.

C. shame.

D. safety.

33. According to politicians, when children commit crimes, they should be treated in the same way as____

A. murderers.

B. criminals.

C. victims.

D. adults.

34. Which of the following does the writer cite as a source of moral void?

A. Official corruption.

B. Social injustice.

C. Family instability.

D. Racial discrimination.

35. Which of the statements is NOT true according to this passage?

A. Parents should strengthen moral instruction.

B. Schools should help create a moral sense in children.

C. Law enforcement agencies should do more to help children understand laws.

D. Youth organizations play no role in building character.

参考答案：

31.【答 案】C

【题干】芝加哥的这两个男孩被——。

A.枪杀

B.谋杀

C.指控

D.判刑

【解 析】细节题。利用题干关键词two boys和Chica90可以定位到第一段“Twoboys，7 and 8，were charged in the murder of an 11-year-old girl inChica90”，即“两个男孩，分别为7岁和8岁，被指控谋杀了一个ll岁的女孩”，由此可知，C为正确答案。

【考点延伸】be charged with=be accused of指控;be sentenced t0判刑

32.【答 案】A

【题干】Jonesboro and Chica90的男孩们明显缺少——感。

A.是非，对错

B.纪律，学科

C.羞耻

D.安全

【解 析】细节题。利用题干关键词Jonesboro and Chica90和lack of可以定位到第二段“Why did these boys and others in similar trouble apparently lack anyinner，moral restraint?”，即“为什么这些孩子和其他相同境遇的孩子缺少一些内心的道德约束呢?”所以正确答案为A，即孩子们不能明辨是非。

【考点延伸】核心词汇有jealousy(嫉妒)，apparently(明显地，清楚地)，inner(内部的)，moral restraint(道德约束)

33.【答 案】D

【题 干】根据一些政治家的说法，当孩子犯罪的时候，他们应该与____一样获得同样对待。

A.谋杀犯

B.罪犯

C.受害人

D.成人

【解 析】细节题。利用题干关键词politician和treat可以到第四段“That’s whypoliticians’cries for adult treatment of youthful criminals ultimately miss thepoint”，即“这就是为什么有的政治家呼吁对年轻人实行同成人的一样

的对待时就忽略了这一点”，所以可知答案为D。

34.【答 案】C

【题 干】下列哪一项被作者认为是道德真空的缘由之一?

A.官员腐败

B.社会不公正

C.家庭不稳定

D.种族歧视

【解 析】细节题。利用题干关键词moral void和source可以定位到第五段“But the moral void that invites violence has many sources，Family instabilitycontributes，So does economic stress。”意为“导致暴力的道德真空有很多缘由。家庭不稳定是一个原因，经历压力也是一个原因”。据此可知C为正确答案。

35.【答 案】D

【题 于】下列哪一项是不正确的?

A.父母应该加强道德教育。

B.学校要帮助孩子道德感的确立。

C.法律执行单位应更多地帮助孩子理解法律。

D.青年组织在培养青年人的品行方面没有作用。

【解 析】判断题。该题无法利用题干进行定位，因为题干中没有关键词，在这种情况下，可以改为定位选项。分别利用每个选项的关键词进行定位，发现D项与原文不符，利用youth organization可以定位到第六段“Schools，too，have a role in building character.So do youth organizations.”，即“学校在培养孩子品行方便有很大作用，青年组织也是如此”，所以答案为D。

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