学位英语

Organ Donation and Transplantation

1 Organ donation(捐献) and transplantation(移植) refers to the process by which organs or tissues from one person are put into another person's body.

2 The number of people needing a transplant continues to rise faster than the number of donors. About 3,700 transplant candidates are added to the national waiting list each month. Each day, about 77 people receive organ transplants. However, about 18 people die each day waiting for transplants that can't take place because of the shortage of donated organs.

3 There are no age limits on who can be an organ donor. Newborns as well as senior citizens have been organ donors. If you are younger than 18, you must have a parent's or guardian's consent (同意). If you are 18 years or older, you can show you want to be an organ and tissue donor by signing a donor card.

4 Many people think that if they agree to donate their organs, the doctor or the emergency room staff won't work as hard to save their life. This is not true. The transplant team is completely separate from the medical staff working to save your life. The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save your life have failed.

5 If you need an organ transplant, your doctor will help you get on the national waiting list.Your name will become part of a pool of names. When an organ donor becomes available, all the patients in the pool are compared to the donor. Factors such as blood and tissue type, size of the organ , medical urgency(紧急) of the patient's illness, time already spent on the waiting list, and distance between donor and recipient(接受者) are considered.

23. Paragraph 2_______.

24. Paragraph 3 _______.

25. Paragraph 4 _______.

26. Paragraph 5 _______.

A. Quality of donated organ

B. Benefits of organ donation

C. Distribution of donated organs

D. Quality of donor medical care

E. Age limits of organ donation

F. Status of organ donation and transplantation

27. There is a great demand for _______.

28. Organ donors range in age from newboms to_______.

29. Doctors will try their best to save your life even if you've signed _______.

30. Various factors are considered when deciding on _______.

A. donated organs

B. the national waiting list

C. a donor card

D. senior citizens

E. all possible efforts

F. the most suitable candidate

解析：

23.F [解析]第二段中提到需要器官移植的人增加的速度远远大于器官捐献者。每月有3700人加入等候者的行列。但每天只有77人接受器官移植。每天有18人在等待中死亡。 这些都是讲目前器官捐献和移植的状况，因此选择F。

25.D [解析]第四段的中心是捐献者不必为他们的医疗担心，他们的医疗同样有保障。因此选D。

26.C [解析]第五段讲确定器官接受者的因素，也就是如何决定捐赠的器官给哪个患者。因此选C。

27.A [解析]从第二段可以看出A是正确答案There is a great demand for donated olgans.

29.C [解析]结合选项，从搭配上看sign后面只能跟a donor card。从文章中第四段The transplant team does not become involved with you until doctors have determined that all possible efforts to save vour life have failed.也能看出答案是C。

30.F[解析]最后一段说When an organ donor becomes available，all the patients in the pool are compared to the donor.Factors such as blood and tissue type……are considered.因此F是正确答案。

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