学位英语

     Electric Backpack
1. Backpacks（背包） are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don’t mind carrying a heavy load, your backpacks might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.

2. Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia（费城[美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部港市]） and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole（美国马萨诸塞州的一个渔村，也是许多重要研究机构所在地）, Mass（Massachusetts 的缩写：马萨诸塞州，美国东北部的一个州）
）have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks. In military actions, search-and-rescue operations, and scientific field studies, people rely increasingly on cell phones, global positioning system (GPS)（全球定位系统） receivers（接收机）, night-vision goggles（夜视镜）, and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work.. The backpack’s electricity-generating feature could dramatically reduce the amount of a wearer’s load now devoted to spare batteries, report Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science6.

3. The backpack’s electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer’s back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A gear mechanism converts vertical（垂直的） movements of the pack to rotary （旋转的）motions of an electrical generator, producing up to 7.4 watts（瓦（特））.来源：中国职称英语考试网

4. Unexpectedly, tests showed that wearers of the new backpack alter their gaits（步态，步法） in response to the pack’s oscillations（摆动） so that they carry loads more comfortably and with less effort than they do ordinary backpacks. Because of that surprising advantage, Rome plans to commercialize（商业化） both electric and non-electric versions of the backpack.

5. The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers（登山运动员）, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!

Questions:
1. Backpacks are convenient because___________.
A) They can be very large
B) They can hold as many things as you want to carry.
C) Your hands are freed to do other things.
D) You do not have to carry things with you.

2. What is the most important feature of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues?
A) It produces electricity for electronic devices while the wearer walks.
B) It can be used as  cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies. 
C) It is small and convenient.
D) It is light and easy to carry.

文章详解：
1. 首先解读标题：Electric（这是理工类阅读中经常出现的单词，因此含义要记住：电子的）Backpack（合成词：back是后背的意思，pack是包、包裹的意思，因此backpack就是背包。）背包是大家日常生活中很熟悉的东西，但电子背包没听说过。带着一份好奇，通读一遍原文，大致了解，电子书包除了大家知道的普通功能之外，科学家还打算让它具有更多更新的功能。虽然现在市场上还买不到，但总有一天会走进我们的生活，为我们带来更多便利的。来源：中国职称英语考试网

2．接下来，在正式看文章每句话之前，先浏览所设置的问题，这样一方面可以更清楚地了解文章的脉络，另一方面一会儿精读时，也比较容易在相关段落找到答案。通过看五个问题，我们知道，它们的答案就出现在文章相应的五个段落里，而且以细节题居多。所以，我们就看一题，针对性地精读一段。先看问题1：
1. Backpacks are convenient because___________.
A) They can be very large他们能够非常大来源：中国职称英语考试网
B) They can hold as many things as you want to carry.你想带多少东西，背包就能装多少东西
C) Your hands are freed to do other things.你的双手能够被解放出来干其它事情
D) You do not have to carry things with you. 你不用随身携带东西了。
题目的意思是：背包很方便，是因为。。。。标准的细节题形式：
文章一开头，就提到Backpacks（背包） are convenient.所以，我们一起把第一段读完：They can hold（装） your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes（换洗衣服）, leaving （留着）your hands free （自由的、空闲的）to do other things. Someday（有朝一日）, if（如果） you don’t mind carrying （介意做某事，一般用mind doing sth）a heavy load(很重的东西), your backpacks might also power（动词，给。。。提供电能） your MP3 player（MP3播放机）, keep（使） your cell phone （手机）running（运行、运转）, and maybe even light（照亮） your way home（你回家的路）.
看到这里，问题应该有答案了，就是因为C。而其它三个答案，根本就没出现在段落里。

3．看第二题：
2. What is the most important feature （特点、特征）of the backpack invented by Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues（过去分词短语做定语，被。。。所发明的背包）?来源：中国职称英语考试网
A) It produces electricity for electronic devices（设施） while the wearer walks.
当背着它的人在行走时，它能为电子设施产生电流。
B) It can be used as cell phones, GPS in the military actions or field studies.
在军事行动中或在科学领域研究中，它能被用作手机电话、全球定位系统。
C) It is small and convenient. 它又小又方便。
D) It is light and easy to carry. 它轻而且容易携带。来源：中国职称英语考试网
题目的意思：由Lawrence和他的同事所发明的背包最重要的特征是什么？这是一道细节题。一起读第二段：
Lawrence C. Rome and his colleagues（同事们） from（来自于） the University of Pennsylvania（宾西法尼亚大学） in Philadelphia（费城[美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部港市]） and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole（美国马萨诸塞州的一个渔村，也是许多重要研究机构所在地）, Mass（Massachusetts 的缩写：马萨诸塞州，美国东北部的一个州。）have invented（发明） a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced（定语从句，意思是：背包能够通过被产生的能量而发电） while its wearer walks. In military actions（在军事行动中）, search-and-rescue（搜救） operations（行动）, and scientific field studies（科学领域的研究）, people increasingly（越来越）rely on （依赖）cell phones, global positioning system (GPS)（全球定位系统） receivers（接收机）, night-vision goggles（夜视镜）, and other（其它的） battery-powered（以电池为动力的） devices（设施） to get around（四处活动） and do their work.. The backpack’s electricity-generating（发电的，复合形容词，来自于：generate electricity） feature could dramatically(极大地， 同义词：greatly) reduce(减少) the amount （数量）of a wearer’s load（负重、重量） now devoted to（过去分词短语做定语，修饰load，表示被用于。。。） spare batteries（备用电池）（这句话的意思是：背包的发电的特征能够大大地减少过去用于携带备用电池所增加的重量）, report（报告） Rome and his colleagues in the Sept. 9 Science（科学杂志，是国际上著名的自然科学综合类学术期刊，当年爱因斯坦的相对论就发表其上。）.
通过对这一段的学习，我们知道了这种背包最重要的特性就是：当背上它的人一边走就会一边产生电能。所以答案为A。

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