自考英语

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 5.状语 (Adverbial)

状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词的，表示时间、地点、原因、方式、程度等。

作状语的词有副词或相当于副词的其它词、短语、从句。如：

Accounting is one of the fastest growing fields in modern business world. 会计是现代商业领域中发展最快的部门之一。

To explain the difference briefly， the accountant sets up a bookkeeping system. 为了简洁地解释差异现象，会计师建立起簿记系统。

Personally， I hope you will make a holiday tour with me. 就我个人而言，我希望你能和我一起作一次假日旅游。

He was disappointed because his love of her was unrequited. 他感到失望，因为他对她的爱没有得到报答。

Seeing this， they became very worried. 看到这种情况，他们心里很着急。

Taken in time， the medicine will be quite effective. 如果吃得及时，这药是很有效的。

6.同位语(Appositive)

同位语用来对一个词或词的内容加以补充和说明。它通常位于其说明的词或词组之后。

We Americans are hard-working. 我们美国人是勤劳的。

You two are very lazy. 你们两个很懒。

Winston Churchill， Britain's Prime Minister during the Second World War， died in 1965. 第二次世界大战中的英国首相温斯顿。邱吉尔死于1965年。

Shanghai， once the paradise for adventurers， is now the largest industrial base in China. 曾经是冒险家乐园的上海，现在是中国最大的工业基地。

7.补语 (Complement)

(1)英语中有些及物动词虽然有了宾语，但句子的意思仍不完整，还需要在宾语之后增加一个成分以补足其意义，这种成分叫宾语补语。能作宾语补语的有名词、形容词、介词短语、副词、动词不定式、分词。

They appointed him head of the department. 他们任命他当部门主任。

They painted the wall blue. 他们把墙刷成蓝色。

People regard the sun as the chief source of heat and light. 人们认为太阳是主要的热源和光源。

(2)当带有宾语的句子变成被动语态，句子原来的宾语就成了主语，而原来的宾补也就随之成了主补。试比较：

They appointed him head of the department.

He was appointed head of the department.

They painted the wall blue.

The wall was painted blue.

People regard the sun as the chief source of heat and light.

The sun is regarded as the chief source of heat and light.

 编辑推荐：

2011年自考《英语(一)》考前重点复习汇总

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