2011年10月自考英语冲刺试题三（4）
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Scientists claim that air pollution causes a decline in the world's average air temperature. In order to prove that theory, ecologists have turned to historical data in relation to especially huge volcanic eruptions. They suspect that volcanoes affect weather change that are similar to air polluiton.
One source of information is the effect of the eruption of Tambora, a volcano in Sumbawa, the Dutch East Indias, in April 1815. The largest recorded volcanic eruption, Tambora threw 150 million tons of fine ash into the stratosphere(平流层). The ash from a volcano spreads worldwide in a few days and remains in the air for years. Its effect is to turn incoming solar radiation into space and thus cool the earth. For example, records of weather in England show that between April and November 1815, the average temperature had fallen 4.5 . During the next twentyfour months, England suffered one of the coldest periods of its history. Farmers' records from April 1815 to December 1818 indicate frost throughout the spring and summer and sharp decreases in crop and livestock markets. Since there was a time lag(滞后) of several years between cause and effect, by the time the world agricultural commodity community had deteriorated, no one realized the cause.
Ecologists today warn that we face a twofold menace. The everpresent possibility of volcanic eruptions, such as that of Mr. St. Helens in Washington, added to man's pollution of the atmosphere with oil, gas, coal, and other polluting substances, may bring us increasingly colder weather.
26. It is believed that the earth gets colder when ________.
A. volcanoes erupt
B. the air is polluted by modern man
C. the rays of the sun are turned into space
D. all of the above
27. The effects of Tambora's eruption were ________.
A. felt mainly in the Dutch East Indias
B. of several day's duration worldwide
C. evidence of pollution's cooling the earth
D. immediately evident to the world's scientists
28. The cause of cold weather in England from 1815 to 1818 was ________.
A. decreased crop and livestock production
B. volcanic ash in the atmosphere
C. pollution caused by the Industrial Revolution
D. its proximity to the North sea
29. No one realized the cause of the deterioration of the world agricultural commodity market because ________.
A. there was a long delay between cause and effect
B. the weather is beyond our comprehension
C. weather forecasts were inaccurate
D. ecologists didn't exist until modern times
30. If, as some scientists predict, the world ends in ice, what might be the cause?
A. Modern man's pollution of the air.
B. Volcanic eruptions.
C. Obliteration(破坏) of solar radiation.
D. All of the above.
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