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2012考研英语同等学力语法复习:主谓一致关系

发表时间:2013/11/29 10:00:00 来源:中大网校 点击关注微信:关注中大网校微信
主谓一致关系

英语中,主语和谓语在数、性和格上应该保持一致,但在实际应用中很容易被忽视,尤其是主语和谓语之间出现插入语,故考试中经常考到主谓一致。除了以上特殊名词谓语有特殊要求外,现将主谓一致的考点归纳如下:

(1) 复数原则:两个或者两个以上的名词由and连接做主语时;主语由both ...

and ... 连接时,谓语动词用复数。

Baseball and swimming are usually summer sports. 棒球和游泳通常都是夏季的运动项目。

Both bread and butter are sold in that grocery. 那个杂货店既卖面包,也卖黄油。

(2) 就近原则: 由 either ... or ...;neither ... nor ...;not only...but also...;...or ...;there be ...等引导的主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近动词的名词的单复数。

Not only the students but also their teacher is invited to attend the party. 受邀参加晚会的不仅有学生而且有教师。

(3) 就远原则:主语,+ as well as + 另一个主语,谓语动词的单复数取决于第一个主语的名词的单复数。

My mother,as well as my two brothers,has a key to the office.

我母亲,还有我的两个哥哥都有一把办公室的钥匙。

适用于同样规定的其他结构:

with...;together with...;along with...;including...;in addition to...;besides...;except...;as much as...;accompanied by ...;rather than...等。

(4) 表示时间、距离、价值、量度的复数名词做主语时谓语动词用单数。

One hundred dollars is a large sum for the poor. 对于穷人来说,100美元是个不小的数目。

Twenty days has passed since I met her last time. 自从我上次见到她到现在已经过去二十天。( twenty days 这里不做整体看待,故谓语动词用复数)
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